论文标题

自适应系统中利益成本风险意识的决策的规范架构观点

Specification Architectural Viewpoint for Benefit-Cost-Risk-Aware Decision-Making in Self-Adaptive Systems

论文作者

Weyns, Danny, Avegriou, Paris, Calinescu, Radu, Hezavehi, Sara M., Mirandola, Raffaela, Perez-Palacin, Diego

论文摘要

在过去的二十年中,研究人员和工程师已广泛研究了如何使软件系统处理不确定的操作条件的问题。解决此问题的一个突出解决方案是自动适应,它为软件系统提供了反馈循环,该反馈循环可以在操作过程中解决不确定性,并在必要时调整系统以处理它们。到目前为止,大多数自我适应方法都采用了决策机制,该机制的重点是实现一组目标,即选择执行适应选项,并具有最佳的估计收益。一些方法还考虑了执行候选适应选项的估计(一次性)成本。我们认为,除了收益和成本外,自适应系统中的决策还应考虑如果选择适应选项进行执行,则系统或其用户将面临该系统或其用户的估计风险。在减轻不确定性时评估适应方案时,平衡所有三个因素至关重要,不仅对于满足利益相关者的关注点,而且还可以确保安全和公众对自适应系统的接受。在本文中,我们提出了ISO/IEC/IEEE 42010兼容的建筑观点,该观点将估计的收益,成本和风险视为自我适应中考虑的每个适应性选项的核心因素。该观点旨在支持负责为自适应系统设计强大决策机制的软件架构师。

Over the past two decades, researchers and engineers have extensively studied the problem of how to enable a software system to deal with uncertain operating conditions. One prominent solution to this problem is self-adaptation, which equips a software system with a feedback loop that resolves uncertainties during operation and adapts the system to deal with them when necessary. Most self-adaptation approaches developed so far use decision-making mechanisms that focus on achieving a set of goals, i.e., that select for execution the adaptation option with the best estimated benefit. A few approaches have also considered the estimated (one-off) cost of executing the candidate adaptation options. We argue that besides benefit and cost, decision-making in self-adaptive systems should also consider the estimated risk the system or its users would be exposed to if an adaptation option were selected for execution. Balancing all three factors when evaluating the options for adaptation when mitigating uncertainty is essential, not only for satisfying the concerns of the stakeholders, but also to ensure safety and public acceptance of self-adaptive systems. In this paper, we present an ISO/IEC/IEEE 42010 compatible architectural viewpoint that considers the estimated benefit, cost, and risk as core factors of each adaptation option considered in self-adaptation. The viewpoint aims to support software architects responsible for designing robust decision-making mechanisms for self-adaptive systems.

扫码加入交流群

加入微信交流群

微信交流群二维码

扫码加入学术交流群,获取更多资源