论文标题
星际与星球的形成：即将在空间红外的机会
Star & planet formation: Upcoming opportunities in the space-based infrared
论文作者
论文摘要
尽管阿尔玛（Alma）和JWST正在以空前的敏感性和近红外波长的敏感性和分辨率彻底改变我们对星体和行星形成的看法，但只能通过在热（中和远距离）领域进行观察来回答许多杰出的问题。这些问题中有许多需要空间观测，以实现必要的灵敏度和/或波长覆盖率。特别是，星际云如何形成丝状结构和密集的核心？在恒星形成的最早阶段，物体的质量和亮度是什么？制成行星的磁盘的气体质量是什么？这些磁盘在地球形成期间如何分散？耐火材料和挥发性材料如何分布在磁盘中，这是如何随着时间而演变的？本文回顾了即将到来的和计划的气球播放和基于空间的望远镜，用于中间和远红外的望远镜将解决这些问题，并在ELT全面运行时需要在2030年以后进行进一步的任务。
While ALMA and JWST are revolutionizing our view of star and planet formation with their unprecedented sensitivity and resolution at submillimeter and near-IR wavelengths, many outstanding questions can only be answered with observations in the thermal (mid- and far-) infrared domain. Many of these questions require space-based observations, to achieve the necessary sensitivity and/or wavelength coverage. In particular, how do interstellar clouds develop filamentary structures and dense cores? What are the masses and luminosities of objects at the earliest stages of star formation? What are the gas masses of planet-forming disks, and how do these disks disperse during planet formation? How is refractory and volatile material distributed within the disks, and how does this evolve with time? This article reviews how upcoming and planned balloon-borne and space-based telescopes for the mid- and far-infrared will address these questions, and outlines which further missions will be needed beyond 2030, when the ELTs will be in full operation.
