论文标题
辅助向人类进行运动控制任务的教学
Assistive Teaching of Motor Control Tasks to Humans
论文作者
论文摘要
最近关于共享自治和辅助技术技术的工作,例如辅助机器人遥控,试图在固定任务中对人类用户进行建模和帮助。但是,这些方法通常无法解释人类适应的能力,并最终学习如何自己执行控制任务。此外,在可能需要进行干预的应用中,这些方法可能会抑制其学习如何通过完全自我控制成功的能力。在本文中,我们专注于辅助运动控制任务的问题,例如停车或降落飞机。尽管它们在人类的日常活动和职业中无处不在,但由于它们的复杂性和差异很大,运动任务很少以统一的方式教授。我们提出了一种AI辅助教学算法,该算法利用了从强化学习(RL)到(i)将任何运动控制任务分解为可教学技能的技能发现方法,(ii)构建新颖的练习序列,以及(iii)将课程个性化的课程给具有不同功能的学生。通过大量的合成和用户研究,对两项运动控制任务(用操纵杆停车,并从巴厘岛字母中撰写角色),我们表明,与无需技能的完整轨迹和实践练习的练习可以提高技能的辅助教学,可以提高学生的表现约40%,并最多可以进一步提高25%。我们的源代码可在https://github.com/stanford-iliad/teach上获得
Recent works on shared autonomy and assistive-AI technologies, such as assistive robot teleoperation, seek to model and help human users with limited ability in a fixed task. However, these approaches often fail to account for humans' ability to adapt and eventually learn how to execute a control task themselves. Furthermore, in applications where it may be desirable for a human to intervene, these methods may inhibit their ability to learn how to succeed with full self-control. In this paper, we focus on the problem of assistive teaching of motor control tasks such as parking a car or landing an aircraft. Despite their ubiquitous role in humans' daily activities and occupations, motor tasks are rarely taught in a uniform way due to their high complexity and variance. We propose an AI-assisted teaching algorithm that leverages skill discovery methods from reinforcement learning (RL) to (i) break down any motor control task into teachable skills, (ii) construct novel drill sequences, and (iii) individualize curricula to students with different capabilities. Through an extensive mix of synthetic and user studies on two motor control tasks -- parking a car with a joystick and writing characters from the Balinese alphabet -- we show that assisted teaching with skills improves student performance by around 40% compared to practicing full trajectories without skills, and practicing with individualized drills can result in up to 25% further improvement. Our source code is available at https://github.com/Stanford-ILIAD/teaching