论文标题

重新审视双缝实验

Double-slit experiment revisited

论文作者

Das, Siddhant, Deckert, Dirk-André, Kellers, Leopold, Krekels, Simon, Struyve, Ward

论文摘要

双缝实验是典型的量子实验之一。但是,往往忽略了该实验的理论上说明需要规范屏幕上检测的关节位置和时间分布,其位置边缘产生了著名的干扰模式。然后出现了这个分布的困难。尽管存在可观察到的量子机械时间的各种建议,但对正确的选择尚无共识。在这里,我们考虑了Bohmian力学,该机械允许对此问题采用自然而实用的方法。在初始高斯波包中通过双闭合电势的情况下,我们模拟了这种分布。我们还考虑了一个更具挑战性的设置,其中一条缝隙在飞行过程中被关闭。为了通过实验探测时间分布的量子性质,需要足够的初始波数据包的纵向扩散,到目前为止尚未实现。没有足够的扩散,可以经典地对分布的时间方面进行处理。我们为Kurtsiefer等人的双缝实验进行了双关闭实验的情况。 [自然386,150(1997)],报告的联合位置和时间分布。

The double-slit experiment is one of the quintessential quantum experiments. However, it tends to be overlooked that a theoretical account of this experiment requires the specification of the joint position and time distribution of detection at the screen, whose position marginal yields the famous interference pattern. The difficulty then arises what this distribution should be. While there exists a variety of proposals for a quantum mechanical time observable, there is no consensus about the right choice. Here, we consider Bohmian mechanics, which allows for a natural and practical approach to this problem. We simulate this distribution in the case of an initial Gaussian wave packet passing through a double-slit potential. We also consider a more challenging setup in which one of the slits is shut during flight. To experimentally probe the quantum nature of the time distribution, a sufficient longitudinal spread of the initial wave packet is required, which has not been achieved so far. Without sufficient spread, the temporal aspect of the distribution can be treated classically. We illustrate this for the case of the double-slit experiment with helium atoms by Kurtsiefer et al. [Nature 386, 150 (1997)], which reports the joint position and time distribution.

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