论文标题
通过自我实验的船尾grach实验中经典性的出现
Emergence of Classicality in Stern-Gerlach Experiment via Self-Gravity
论文作者
论文摘要
到目前为止，来自量子力学的经典性出现是一个备受争议的主题，尚无令人满意的解决方案。已经提出了各种方法在内，包括破坏性和重力相互作用。在目前的工作中，Schrödinger-Newton模型用于研究半经典自我实现在船尾 - gerlach实验中大量自旋1/2颗粒进化中的作用。对于小质量，自旋叠加中初始波袋的演变显示出磁场梯度的分裂成两个轨迹，如标准的船尾gerlach实验中。对于较大的质量，与标准的船尾gerlach情况相比，偏离中心路径的偏差小，而对于足够高的质量，波袋不会裂开，而是遵循经典轨迹，以在不均匀磁场中获得磁矩。这表明当质量增加时，由于自我再生相互作用而引起的经典性出现。相比之下，是经典性出现的强大竞争者的变形，导致两个轨迹的\ emph {混合状态}，与旋转和旋转状态相对应，而不是经典期望的路径。即使在量子力学的许多世界解释中，粒子的经典期望路径也可能无法解释。需要在宏观域中进行的施工 - 盖拉赫实验来解决这个问题。
Emergence of classicality from quantum mechanics, a hotly debated topic, has had no satisfactory resolution so far. Various approaches including decoherence and gravitational interactions have been suggested. In the present work, the Schrödinger-Newton model is used to study the role of semi-classical self-gravity in the evolution of massive spin-1/2 particles in a Stern-Gerlach experiment. For small mass, evolution of the initial wavepacket in a spin superposition shows a splitting in the magnetic field gradient into two trajectories as in the standard Stern-Gerlach experiment. For larger mass, the deviations from the central path are less than in the standard Stern-Gerlach case, while for high enough mass, the wavepacket does not split, and instead follows the classical trajectory for a magnetic moment in inhomogeneous magnetic field. This indicates the emergence of classicality due to self-gravitational interaction when the mass is increased. In contrast, decoherence which is a strong contender for emergence of classicality, leads to a \emph{mixed state} of two trajectories corresponding to the spin-up and spin-down states, and not the classically expected path. The classically expected path of the particle probably cannot be explained even in the many-worlds interpretation of quantum mechanics. Stern-Gerlach experiments in the macroscopic domain are needed to settle this question.
