论文标题
亚相关性铝电子与介观样品的量子相互作用
Quantum interaction of sub-relativistic aloof electrons with mesoscopic samples
论文作者
论文摘要
由于超短相互作用时间，相对论电子与纳米大小的样品相互作用时会经历非常轻微的波数据包失真和可忽略不计的动量后坐力。因此，将快速电子建模为经典点付费提供了对能量损失光谱的极为准确的理论预测。在这里，我们研究了几个KEV与微米大小的样品的纳米尺寸电子束的超然相互作用，这种制度通常是由于明显的波函数拓宽和动量后坐力而导致的经典描述通常会失败。为了应对这些效果，我们使用宏观量子电动力学来分析地得出有关后坐力的电子能量损失概率的广义表达。由于相互作用的长度增加和/或电子动能降低，相互作用的量子特征显示出明显的强度。此外，在较高的能量损耗和较大的影响参数下发现了相对较大的能量损失概率值，这是一个明显的量子效应，这是经过移动点荷尔兰产生的田间的evanevancent曲线而通常禁止的。
Relativistic electrons experience very slight wave packet distortion and negligible momentum recoil when interacting with nanometer-sized samples, as a consequence of the ultra-short interaction time. Accordingly, modeling fast electrons as classical point-charges provides extremely accurate theoretical predictions of energy-loss spectra. Here we investigate the aloof interaction of nanometer-sized electron beams of few keV with micron-sized samples, a regime where the classical description generally fails due to significant wavefunction broadening and momentum recoil. To cope with these effects, we use macroscopic quantum electrodynamics to analytically derive a generalized expression for the electron energy loss probability which accounts for recoil. Quantum features of the interaction are shown to get dramatically strong as the interaction length is increased and/or the electron kinetic energy is decreased. Moreover, relatively large values of the energy loss probability are found at higher energy losses and larger impact parameters, a marked quantum effect which is classically forbidden by the evanescent profile of the field produced by a moving point-charge.
