论文标题
非平衡量子系统中的异常传热
Anomalous Heat Transfer in Nonequilibrium Quantum Systems
论文作者
论文摘要
异常传热（AHT），该过程是热量自发流入热系统的过程，表面上与Clausius的第二种热力学定律的说法相矛盾。在这里，我们从量子信息的角度提供了非平衡量子系统中AHT机制的完整分类。对于局部平衡中的初始状态，我们发现AHT可以来自三个资源：初始相关，内部的交互和内部温度不均匀性。特别是，对于量子系统，我们证明，如果Intersystem相互作用仅限于两体类型，则必须对AHT进行初始量子相干性。我们明确地显示了由三分之三系统中的每种机制所统治的AHT。我们的分类方案可以提供开发高效量子自动量热机器的指南。
Anomalous heat transfer (AHT), a process by which heat spontaneously flows from a cold system into a hot one, superficially contradicts the Clausius statement of the second law of thermodynamics. Here we provide a full classification of mechanisms of the AHT in nonequilibrium quantum systems from a quantum-information perspective. For initial states in local equilibrium, we find that the AHT can arise from three resources: initial correlation, intrasystem interaction, and intrasystem temperature inhomogeneity. In particular, for qubit systems, we prove that initial quantum coherence is necessary for AHT if the intersystem interactions are limited to the two-body type. We explicitly show the AHT dominated by each of the mechanisms in a three-qubit system. Our classification scheme may offer a guideline for developing high-efficiency quantum autonomous thermal machines.
