论文标题
TOI-1695 b：一个水世界，绕着地球谷的早期M矮人绕
TOI-1695 b: A Water World Orbiting an Early M Dwarf in the Planet Radius Valley
论文作者
论文摘要
表征M矮人山谷中过渡系外行星的大部分组成提供了一种独特的手段，可以确定半径是从大气质量损失过程中出现的还是由行星形成本身印刷的。我们介绍了绕着M dwarf（$ t _ {\ rm mag} = 11.0294 \ pm 0.0074，m_s = 0.513 \ pm 0.012 \ pm 0.012 \ m_ \ odot，r_s = 0.515 \ pm pm 0.015 \ pm 0.015 \ r_ pm _ pm _______， K $）：TOI-1695 B（$ p = 3.13 $ days，$ r_p = 1.90^{+0.16} _ { - 0.14} \ r_ \ oplus $）。 TOI-1695 B的半径和轨道周期将行星位于模型预测之间，从热驱动的质量损失与气体耗尽的形成，为早期M矮人围绕Radius Valley出现模型提供了重要的测试用例。我们基于五个苔丝数据的五个扇区和一系列随访观测值确认了TOI-1695 B的行星性质，包括使用HARPS-N光谱仪进行的49个精确的径向速度测量。我们测量的行星质量为$ 6.36 \ pm 1.00 \ m_ \ oplus $，它表明TOI-1695 B与铁和镁硅酸盐的纯陆生成不一致，而是可能是水富的行星。我们的发现，TOI-1695 B并不是陆地与被热驱动的质量损失雕刻的行星系统不一致的。我们对M矮人半径谷中的七个特征良好的行星进行了统计分析，表明热驱动的质量损失情景不太可能解释这一人群。
Characterizing the bulk compositions of transiting exoplanets within the M dwarf radius valley offers a unique means to establish whether the radius valley emerges from an atmospheric mass loss process or is imprinted by planet formation itself. We present the confirmation of such a planet orbiting an early M dwarf ($T_{\rm mag} = 11.0294 \pm 0.0074, M_s = 0.513 \pm 0.012\ M_\odot, R_s = 0.515 \pm 0.015\ R_\odot, T_{\rm eff} =3690\pm 50 K$): TOI-1695 b ($P = 3.13$ days, $R_p = 1.90^{+0.16}_{-0.14}\ R_\oplus$). TOI-1695 b's radius and orbital period situate the planet between model predictions from thermally-driven mass loss versus gas depleted formation, offering an important test case for radius valley emergence models around early M dwarfs. We confirm the planetary nature of TOI-1695 b based on five sectors of TESS data and a suite of follow-up observations including 49 precise radial velocity measurements taken with the HARPS-N spectrograph. We measure a planetary mass of $6.36 \pm 1.00\ M_\oplus$, which reveals that TOI-1695 b is inconsistent with a purely terrestrial composition of iron and magnesium silicate, and instead is likely a water-rich planet. Our finding that TOI-1695 b is not terrestrial is inconsistent with the planetary system being sculpted by thermally driven mass loss. We present a statistical analysis of seven well-characterized planets within the M dwarf radius valley demonstrating that a thermally-driven mass loss scenario is unlikely to explain this population.
