论文标题
透视量子现实主义
Perspectival Quantum Realism
论文作者
论文摘要
量词前物理学的理论被标准地视为代表物理系统及其特性。标准形式的量子力学是一个更有问题的情况:在这里,解释性问题导致对现实主义观点的持久性的怀疑。因此,Qbists和Quantum实用主义者认为,不应将量子力学视为代表物理系统,而是以代理为中心的工具来更新有关此类系统的信念。这种观点的一部分是,不同的代理人可能具有不同的信念,并且可能分配了不同的量子状态。结果是以代理为中心的观点的集合,而不是物理世界的独特表示。 在本文中,我们认为QBISM和量子实用主义所确定的问题并不需要放弃代表物理世界的理想。我们可以通过采用\ emph {perspectival量子现实主义}来利用与Qbists和务实主义者采用的相同拼图解决策略。根据这种观点(接近量子力学的关系解释)对象可能具有不同但客观的特性,相对于不同的物理定义的观点,对象可能具有不同的客观属性。我们讨论了这种观点主义的两个选择,即本地和非局部性的选择,并将其应用于Wigner的朋友和EPR场景。最后,我们将量子透视主义与最近提出的\ emph {fragmentalism}的哲学位置联系起来。
The theories of pre-quantum physics are standardly seen as representing physical systems and their properties. Quantum mechanics in its standard form is a more problematic case: here, interpretational problems have led to doubts about the tenability of realist views. Thus, QBists and Quantum Pragmatists maintain that quantum mechanics should not be thought of as representing physical systems, but rather as an agent-centered tool for updating beliefs about such systems. It is part and parcel of such views that different agents may have different beliefs and may assign different quantum states. What results is a collection of agent-centered perspectives rather than a unique representation of the physical world. In this paper we argue that the problems identified by QBism and Quantum Pragmatism do not necessitate abandoning the ideal of representing the physical world. We can avail ourselves of the same puzzle-solving strategies as employed by QBists and pragmatists by adopting a \emph{perspectival quantum realism}. According to this perspectivalism (close to the relational interpretation of quantum mechanics) objects may possess different, but equally objective properties with respect to different physically defined perspectives. We discuss two options for such a perspectivalism, a local and a nonlocal one, and apply them to Wigner's friend and EPR scenarios. Finally, we connect quantum perspectivalism to the recently proposed philosophical position of \emph{fragmentalism}.