论文标题
新闻搜索的新颖性：一项对2020年美国选举的纵向研究
Novelty in news search: a longitudinal study of the 2020 US elections
论文作者
论文摘要
2020年美国选举新闻报道广泛，新信息迅速产生。这种不断发展的方案为研究搜索引擎的性能提供了一个机会，在他们必须快速处理信息时的情况下进行了搜索引擎的性能。我们分析了新颖性，这是对新闻搜索结果中出现的新项目的测量，以比较不同主题的覆盖范围和可见性。我们对从两个地区（俄勒冈州，美国和德国法兰克福，德国）的短期搜索引擎（每21分钟）收集的五个搜索引擎进行了纵向研究，从选举日开始，一直持续到拜登（Biden）宣布为获胜者之后的一天。与主题（例如“冠状病毒”）相比，我们发现更多有关与选举相关的查询（“ Joe Biden”，“ Donald Trump”和“ US选举”）或稳定（例如“大屠杀”）查询的新项目。随着时间的流逝，我们展示了搜索引擎和地区之间的差异，我们强调了候选查询之间的失衡。当涉及到新闻搜索时，搜索引擎是由于其算法或他们所依赖的新闻来源而负责这种失衡。我们认为，这种失衡会影响政治候选人在选举期间新闻搜索中的可见性。
The 2020 US elections news coverage was extensive, with new pieces of information generated rapidly. This evolving scenario presented an opportunity to study the performance of search engines in a context in which they had to quickly process information as it was published. We analyze novelty, a measurement of new items that emerge in the top news search results, to compare the coverage and visibility of different topics. We conduct a longitudinal study of news results of five search engines collected in short-bursts (every 21 minutes) from two regions (Oregon, US and Frankfurt, Germany), starting on election day and lasting until one day after the announcement of Biden as the winner. We find more new items emerging for election related queries ("joe biden", "donald trump" and "us elections") compared to topical (e.g., "coronavirus") or stable (e.g., "holocaust") queries. We demonstrate differences across search engines and regions over time, and we highlight imbalances between candidate queries. When it comes to news search, search engines are responsible for such imbalances, either due to their algorithms or the set of news sources they rely on. We argue that such imbalances affect the visibility of political candidates in news searches during electoral periods.
