论文标题
实验和模拟证明了冷冻牛肉冰冷的快速超声重新加热
Experiments and simulations demonstrating the rapid ultrasonic rewarming of frozen beef cryovials
论文作者
论文摘要
安全地重新获得大量冷冻保存的生物样品的方法的发展仍然是广泛采用冷冻保存的障碍。在这里，进行了实验和模拟，以证明超声可以增加相对于单独的热传导的重新传热速率。设计，表征和测试的超声波重新加热设置基于定制的444 kHz管状压电传感器，并用2 ml冰冷的冰淇淋进行了测试。在-20 $^{\ circ} $ c至5 $^{\ circ} $ c范围中，重新加热率的特征是。将基于热传导的转换与热传导以及超声重新加热进行了比较，这表明应用超声波时的恢复速率增加了十倍。超声检查的最大记录重新加热速率为每分钟57 $^{\ circ} $ c，单独使用热传导的速度约为2.5倍。开发了耦合的声学和热模拟，并与实验上证明的加热速率表现出良好的一致性，还用于证明在样品中样品中的小（$ <$ <$ 3 $^{\ circ} $ c）小于0 $^{\ circ} $ c时，在样品中的空间加热分布。在这项工作中执行的实验和模拟表明，超声是冷冻保存组织的重新加热方法的潜力，因为更快的恢复速率可以改善冷冻保存组织的生存能力，并减少细胞恢复正常功能所需的时间。
The development of methods to safely rewarm large volume cryopreserved biological samples remains a barrier to the widespread adoption of cryopreservation. Here, experiments and simulations were performed to demonstrate that ultrasound can increase rewarming rates relative to thermal conduction alone. An ultrasonic rewarming setup based on a custom 444 kHz tubular piezoelectric transducer was designed, characterized, and tested with 2 mL cryovials filled with frozen ground beef. Rewarming rates were characterized in the -20$^{\circ}$C to 5$^{\circ}$C range. Thermal conduction-based rewarming was compared to thermal conduction plus ultrasonic rewarming, demonstrating a ten-fold increase in rewarming rate when ultrasound was applied. The maximum recorded rewarming rate with ultrasound was 57$^{\circ}$C per minute, approximately 2.5 times faster than with thermal conduction alone. Coupled acoustic and thermal simulations were developed and showed good agreement with the heating rates demonstrated experimentally and were also used to demonstrate spatial heating distributions with small ($<$3$^{\circ}$C) temperature differentials throughout the sample when the sample was below 0$^{\circ}$C. The experiments and simulations performed in this work demonstrate the potential for ultrasound as a rewarming method for cryopreserved tissues, as faster rewarming rates may improve the viability of cryopreserved tissues and reduce the time needed for cells to regain normal function.
