论文标题
从胶子旋转1/2
Spin 1/2 from Gluons
论文作者
论文摘要
QCD中的Theta真空是标准真空，由Chern-Simons项的指数扭曲。但是，绕线数$ 1 $的量子操作员$ u（g）$是什么？ 我们在本说明中构建$ u（g）$。只有当洛伦兹组的自旋1/2表示来自大型仪表转换的洛伦兹组的自旋1/2表示时，繁殖力的旋转发生器才会与之通勤。该结果类似于由于Jackiw和Rebbi [1]以及Hasenfratz和'T Hooft [2]而引起的“自旋 - 异蛋白”混合结果，以及模糊物理学的类似结果[3]。 因此，各州可以严重影响可观察到的表示。由红外云打扮的充电状态进一步显示了这一事实。在Mund，Rehren和Schroer [4]之后，我们发现Lorentz的不变性在这些部门中自发损坏。该结果已较早地扩展到QCD（最后备注中给出的参考文献[15]），即使全局QCD组也被证明被损坏了。 有人认为，[4]的护送场是洛伦兹和颜色破裂的希格斯田。它们是弦乐域的田地，在那里，琴弦生活在de Sitter空间的结合中。它们的振荡和红外云的振荡产生了相关的金石模式。
The theta vacuum in QCD is the standard vacuum, twisted by the exponential of the Chern-Simons term. But what is the quantum operator $U(g)$ for winding number $1$? We construct $U(g)$ in this note. The Poincare' rotation generators commute with it only if they are augmented by the spin 1/2 representation of the Lorentz group coming from large gauge transformations. This result is analogous to the 'spin-isopin' mixing result due to Jackiw and Rebbi [1], and Hasenfratz and 't Hooft[2] and a similar result in fuzzy physics [3]. Hence states can drastically affect representations of observables. This fact is further shown by charged states dressed by infrared clouds. Following Mund, Rehren and Schroer [4], we find that Lorentz invariance is spontaneously broken in these sectors. This result has been extended earlier to QCD (references [15] given in the Final Remarks) where even the global QCD group is shown to be broken. It is argued that the escort fields of [4] are the Higgs fields for Lorentz and colour breaking. They are string-localised fields where the strings live in a union of de Sitter spaces. Their oscillations and those of the infrared clouds generate the associated Goldstone modes.
