论文标题

通过非热的Flavon Portal生产暗物质

Dark matter production through a non-thermal flavon portal

论文作者

Cheek, Andrew, Osiński, Jacek K., Roszkowski, Leszek, Trojanowski, Sebastian

论文摘要

Froggatt-Nielsen(FN)机制提供了一种有吸引力的方式,可以在标准模型(SM)中生成确定的费米昂质量层次结构和夸克混合矩阵元素。在这里,我们通过将FN场(Flavon)耦合到一个包含一个或多个暗物质颗粒的暗区域,将其扩展到它,该黑物质颗粒是通过Flavon生产而非热产生的。非热的Flavon生产通过冻结和田间振荡有效地发生。我们在全局$ u(1)_ {\ textrm {fn}} $组的高尺度破坏$λ$的情况下探讨了这一点,并在重新加热的温度$ t_r \llλ$中,flavon始终保持平衡。我们确定了$ t_r $的现象学上可接受的区域和弗拉维恩质量,其中满足了深色物质和其他宇宙学约束的遗物。在单一组件暗物质的情况下,我们在高$λ$的FN电荷上有一个有效的上限,即$ q _ {\ rm fn}^{\ rm dm dm} \ leq13 $。在多组分的黑暗扇区情景中,暗物质可以是最重的黑粒子,可以在宇宙学的时间范围内有效稳定,或者可以通过较重的腐烂来顺序产生。对于黑暗衰减发生在中间时间标准的情况,即$ t \ sim 0.1-10^{28} \,{\ rm s} $,我们发现现有搜索可以有效地探测参数空间的有趣区域。这些搜索包括腐烂的间接探针,例如$γ$ ray和中微子望远镜,以及对宇宙微波背景的分析,以及对Lyman-$α$ Forest的小规模结构形成的约束。我们评论此类探针的未来前景,放置预计的敏感性,并讨论这种情况如何适应宇宙学$ s_8 $张力。

The Froggatt-Nielsen (FN) mechanism provides an attractive way of generating the determined fermion mass hierarchy and quark mixing matrix elements in the Standard Model (SM). Here we extend it by coupling the FN field, the flavon, to a dark sector containing one or more dark matter particles which are produced non-thermally sequentially through flavon production. Non-thermal flavon production occurs efficiently via freeze-in and through field oscillations. We explore this in the regime of high-scale breaking $Λ$ of the global $U(1)_{\textrm{FN}}$ group and at the reheating temperature $T_R\ll Λ$ where the flavon remains out of equilibrium at all times. We identify phenomenologically acceptable regions of $T_R$ and the flavon mass where the relic abundance of dark matter and other cosmological constraints are satisfied. In the case of one-component dark matter we find an effective upper limit on the FN charges at high $Λ$, i.e. $Q_{\rm FN}^{\rm DM}\leq13$. In the multi-component dark sector scenario the dark matter can be the heaviest dark particle that can be effectively stable at cosmological timescales, alternatively it can be produced sequentially by decays of the heavier ones. For scenarios where dark decays occur at intermediate timescales, i.e. $t\sim 0.1- 10^{28}\,{\rm s}$, we find that existing searches can effectively probe interesting regions of parameter space. These searches include indirect probes on decays such as $γ$-ray and neutrino telescopes as well as analyses of the Cosmic Microwave Background, as well as constraints on small scale structure formation from the Lyman-$α$ forest. We comment on the future prospects of such probes, place projected sensitivities, and discuss how this scenario could accommodate the cosmological $S_8$ tension.

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