论文标题

研究哈勃张力:头孢菌校准的效果

Investigating the Hubble Tension: Effect of Cepheid Calibration

论文作者

Thakur, Rahul Kumar, Kumar, Harish, Gupta, Shashikant, Verma, Dinkar, Nigam, Rahul

论文摘要

SH0ES合作(R11和R16)对IA型超新星(SNE)的最新观察与最近使用Planck卫星的CMBR观测值和$λCDM$宇宙学模型的应用以至少$3σ$报道的价值不同。它是当代宇宙学中最具挑战性的问题之一,被称为哈勃张力。通过三个不同的星系:银河系,LMC和NGC4258,通过CEPHEID变量校准R11和R16中的SNE IA。使用红色巨人尖端校准的IA SNE型的卡内基哈勃计划(CHP)观察结果对哈勃常数产生了一些不同的估计。这将哈勃张力从3 $σ$降低到低于2 $σ$。回答IA校准是否存在任何问题并调查哈勃张力是否真实是一个合理的问题。我们使用统计技术,即ANOVA,K-S检验和t检验来检查头孢菌素校准是否依赖于宿主。 Our analysis shows that (i) both R11 and R16 data suffer from non-Gaussian systematic effects, (ii) $H_0$ values in the sub-samples (different anchor-based) in both R11 and R16 groups are significantly different at a 99\% confidence level, and (iii) neglecting the metal-rich MW sample does not reduce the $H_0$ value significantly, and thus Hubble tension persists.哈勃常数的少量减小可以与主机环境的差异有关。因此,不应优选使用基于单一的通用关系环境的斜率和零点。

Recent observations of Type Ia supernovae (SNe) by SH0ES collaboration (R11 and R16) diverge from the value reported by recent CMBR observations utilising the Planck satellite and application of the $ΛCDM$ cosmological model by at least $3 σ$. It is among the most challenging problems in contemporary cosmology and is known as the Hubble tension. The SNe Ia in R11 and R16 were calibrated through cepheid variables in three distinct galaxies: Milky Way, LMC, and NGC4258. Carnegie Hubble Program (CHP) observations of type Ia SNe calibrated using the tip of the red giant approach yielded a somewhat different estimate for the Hubble constant. This decreased the Hubble tension from over 3$σ$ to below 2$σ$. It is a legitimate question to answer whether there are any issues with SNe Ia calibration and to investigate whether the Hubble tension is real or not. We use statistical techniques namely, ANOVA, K-S test, and t-test to examine whether the cepheid calibration is host-dependent. Our analysis shows that (i) both R11 and R16 data suffer from non-Gaussian systematic effects, (ii) $H_0$ values in the sub-samples (different anchor-based) in both R11 and R16 groups are significantly different at a 99\% confidence level, and (iii) neglecting the metal-rich MW sample does not reduce the $H_0$ value significantly, and thus Hubble tension persists. A small reduction in the Hubble constant could be linked to the differences in the host environment. Hence instead of using a single universal relation environment based slope and zero point should be preferred.

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