论文标题
单电子发射器中的量子到古典交叉
Quantum-to-Classical Crossover in Single-electron Emitter
论文作者
论文摘要
我们研究了单电子发射极中温度驱动的量子到古典交叉。发射极由量子导体和电极组成，该电极通过欧姆接触耦合。在零温度下，已经表明，可以通过在电极上施加单位荷兰兹脉冲来连贯地注入单个电子。随着电极温度的升高，我们表明电子发射长时间接近时间依赖性泊松过程。泊松性角色是从时间分辨的完整计数统计数据中证明的。同时，我们表明发射事件仍然相关，这是由于保利排除原则。从单个电子的发射速率中揭示了相关性，从中可以从中提取特征性的相关时间。随着电极温度的升高，相关时间迅速下降，表明相关性只能在高温极限下短时间内起不可忽略的作用。通过使用相同的步骤，我们进一步表明，当发射由带有两个电子电荷的Lorentzian脉冲驱动时，量子到经典的跨界也表现出相似的特征。我们的结果表明，电子发射过程如何受到单电子发射极热波动的影响。
We investigate the temperature-driven quantum-to-classical crossover in a single-electron emitter. The emitter is composed of a quantum conductor and an electrode, which is coupled via an Ohmic contact. At zero temperature, it has been shown that a single electron can be injected coherently by applying an unit-charge Lorentzian pulse on the electrode. As the electrode temperature increases, we show that the electron emission approaches a time-dependence Poisson process at long times. The Poissonian character is demonstrated from the time-resolved full counting statistics. In the meantime, we show that the emission events remain correlated, which is due to the Pauli exclusion principle. The correlation is revealed from the emission rates of individual electrons, from which a characteristic correlation time can be extracted. The correlation time drops rapidly as the electrode temperature increases, indicating that correlation can only play a non-negligible role at short times in the high-temperature limit. By using the same procedure, we further show that the quantum-to-classical crossover exhibits similar features when the emission is driven by a Lorentzian pulse carrying two electron charge. Our results show how the electron emission process is affected by thermal fluctuations in a single-electron emitter.
