论文标题
在不稳定的流入条件下涡轮机的功率发电增强和上游流量
Power-generation enhancements and upstream flow properties of turbines in unsteady inflow conditions
论文作者
论文摘要
复杂流动环境中的能量收获系统，例如轴向阵风中浮动的海上风力涡轮机，潮汐涡轮机和固定涡轮机，遇到了影响其发电和结构负载的不稳定流动流量条件。在某些情况下，观察到超过稳定运行点的时间平均发电点的增强。为了表征这些动力学，推导了定期飙升涡轮机的旋转速率和功率提取的非线性动力学模型，并连接到涡轮上游感应区的两个电流表示。将涡轮机的时间平均功率提取的模型预测与上游流速和压力进行比较，与在开路风隧道中使用螺旋式涡轮机进行的实验数据进行了比较，以直径为基础的雷诺数为$ re_d = 6.3 \ times10^\ times10^5 $ and times10^5 $ and sugry-empry-veliCity amplitudes amplitudes applitudes applite faste faste faste faste faste faste faste facep appypay appypay appypay appypay appypay appypay appypespeppeppeast的速度为24％。合并的建模方法捕获了时间平均功率提取的趋势和上游流量数量的波动，同时仅依靠来自稳态测量的数据。建立了观察到的时间平均功率对稳态涡轮机特性的敏感性增加，从而阐明了这些增强的可能性。最后，通过分析探索了不稳定流体力学对时间平均功率提取的影响。理论框架和实验验证提供了一种有凝聚力的建模方法，可以在不稳定的流动条件下推动涡轮机的设计，控制和优化，并为新型能量收获系统的开发提供信息，这些系统可以利用不稳定的流量来实现发电能力的大量增加。
Energy-harvesting systems in complex flow environments, such as floating offshore wind turbines, tidal turbines, and ground-fixed turbines in axial gusts, encounter unsteady streamwise flow conditions that affect their power generation and structural loads. In some cases, enhancements in time-averaged power generation above the steady-flow operating point are observed. To characterize these dynamics, a nonlinear dynamical model for the rotation rate and power extraction of a periodically surging turbine is derived and connected to two potential-flow representations of the induction zone upstream of the turbine. The model predictions for the time-averaged power extraction of the turbine and the upstream flow velocity and pressure are compared against data from experiments conducted with a surging-turbine apparatus in an open-circuit wind tunnel at a diameter-based Reynolds number of $Re_D = 6.3\times10^5$ and surge-velocity amplitudes of up to 24% of the wind speed. The combined modeling approach captures trends in both the time-averaged power extraction and the fluctuations in upstream flow quantities, while relying only on data from steady-flow measurements. The sensitivity of the observed increases in time-averaged power to steady-flow turbine characteristics is established, thus clarifying the conditions under which these enhancements are possible. Finally, the influence of unsteady fluid mechanics on time-averaged power extraction is explored analytically. The theoretical framework and experimental validation provide a cohesive modeling approach that can drive the design, control, and optimization of turbines in unsteady flow conditions, as well as inform the development of novel energy-harvesting systems that can leverage unsteady flows for large increases in power-generation capacities.
