论文标题

混合精度量化以解决联合学习中的梯度泄漏攻击

Mixed Precision Quantization to Tackle Gradient Leakage Attacks in Federated Learning

论文作者

Ovi, Pretom Roy, Dey, Emon, Roy, Nirmalya, Gangopadhyay, Aryya

论文摘要

联合学习(FL)可实现大量参与者之间的协作模型,而无需明确的数据共享。但是,当将隐私推论攻击应用于其时,这种方法显示出漏洞。特别是,如果梯度泄漏攻击在从模型梯度中检索敏感数据的成功率更高,则FL模型由于其固有体系结构中存在通信而处于较高的风险。关于这种梯度泄漏攻击,最令人震惊的是,它可以以秘密的方式执行,以至于它不会妨碍训练性能,而攻击者从梯度回溯以获取有关原始数据的信息。提出的两种最常见的方法是解决此问题的解决方案,是同态加密和具有不同隐私参数的噪声。这两种方法遭受了两个主要缺点。它们是:关键生成过程随着客户量的越来越多而变得乏味,基于噪声的差异隐私遭受了全球模型准确性的显着下降。作为对策,我们提出了一种混合精确量化的FL方案,并从经验上表明,可以解决上述问题。另外,我们的方法可以确保更鲁棒性,因为深层模型的不同层是通过不同的精度和量化模式进行量化的。我们从经验上证明了通过三个基准数据集证明了我们方法的有效性,并在应用量化后发现全局模型的精度下降最小。

Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative model building among a large number of participants without the need for explicit data sharing. But this approach shows vulnerabilities when privacy inference attacks are applied to it. In particular, in the event of a gradient leakage attack, which has a higher success rate in retrieving sensitive data from the model gradients, FL models are at higher risk due to the presence of communication in their inherent architecture. The most alarming thing about this gradient leakage attack is that it can be performed in such a covert way that it does not hamper the training performance while the attackers backtrack from the gradients to get information about the raw data. Two of the most common approaches proposed as solutions to this issue are homomorphic encryption and adding noise with differential privacy parameters. These two approaches suffer from two major drawbacks. They are: the key generation process becomes tedious with the increasing number of clients, and noise-based differential privacy suffers from a significant drop in global model accuracy. As a countermeasure, we propose a mixed-precision quantized FL scheme, and we empirically show that both of the issues addressed above can be resolved. In addition, our approach can ensure more robustness as different layers of the deep model are quantized with different precision and quantization modes. We empirically proved the validity of our method with three benchmark datasets and found a minimal accuracy drop in the global model after applying quantization.

扫码加入交流群

加入微信交流群

微信交流群二维码

扫码加入学术交流群,获取更多资源