论文标题
一流的约束在电磁作用中产生仪表变换（答复Pitts）
First-class constraints generate gauge transformations in electromagnetism (reply to Pitts)
论文作者
论文摘要
Brian Pitts has recently claimed to show via straightforward calculation that, at least in the case of Hamiltonian electromagnetism, an arbitrary first-class constraint ``generates not a gauge transformation, but a bad physical change'' (Annals of Physics 351 (2014) pp.382-406; arXiv:1310.2756).我们通过直接的计算显示，由任意一流的约束产生的转换与规范相等的相位点相关，并证明正统观念。但是，皮特主要与整个历史的转变，而不是瞬时状态有关。我们表明，即使在这种情况下，一旦通过与电荷的动态相互作用正确识别了经验观察到的电场一旦正确地识别出凭经验观察到的电场，而不仅仅是作为电势及其衍生物的一定组合，就可以正确地识别出由任意头等限制的转换。
Brian Pitts has recently claimed to show via straightforward calculation that, at least in the case of Hamiltonian electromagnetism, an arbitrary first-class constraint ``generates not a gauge transformation, but a bad physical change'' (Annals of Physics 351 (2014) pp.382-406; arXiv:1310.2756). We show, via a straightforward calculation, that a transformation generated by an arbitrary first-class constraint relates gauge-equivalent phase space points, vindicating orthodoxy. Pitts, however, is primarily concerned with transformations of entire histories, rather than of instantaneous states. We show that, even in this context, a transformation generated by an arbitrary first-class constraint is also a gauge transformation, once the empirically observed electric field is correctly identified via its dynamical interactions with charge, and not simply given stipulatively as a certain combination of the potential and its derivatives.
