论文标题
人类行为模型使用效用理论和前景理论
Human Behavioral Models Using Utility Theory and Prospect Theory
论文作者
论文摘要
网络物理人类系统（CPHS）的几个例子包括人类的实时决策，这是整体系统成功性能的必要基础。这些决策问题中有许多需要适当的人类行为模型。实用程序理论的工具已成功地用于运输的几个问题，用于资源分配以及供求的平衡\ citep {ben1985discrete}。最近，前景理论已被证明是行为经济学和认知心理学中的有用工具，用于得出人类行为模型，这些模型在存在随机不确定性和风险的情况下表征其主观决策，以替代传统实用性理论\ citep {kahneman_prospect_2012}。这些模型将在本文中进行描述。还讨论了前景理论的理论含义。示例将从运输用例（例如共享流动性）中得出，以说明这些模型以及效用理论与前景理论之间的区别。
Several examples of Cyber-physical human systems (CPHS) include real-time decisions from humans as a necessary building block for the successful performance of the overall system. Many of these decision-making problems necessitate an appropriate model of human behavior. Tools from Utility Theory have been used successfully in several problems in transportation for resource allocation and balance of supply and demand \citep{ben1985discrete}. More recently, Prospect Theory has been demonstrated as a useful tool in behavioral economics and cognitive psychology for deriving human behavioral models that characterize their subjective decision-making in the presence of stochastic uncertainties and risks, as an alternative to conventional Utility Theory \citep{kahneman_prospect_2012}. These models will be described in this article. Theoretical implications of Prospect Theory are also discussed. Examples will be drawn from transportation use cases such as shared mobility to illustrate these models as well as the distinctions between Utility Theory and Prospect Theory.
