论文标题
集体原子腔耦合和具有多层基原子的非线性动力学
Collective atom-cavity coupling and non-linear dynamics with atoms with multilevel ground states
论文作者
论文摘要
我们从实验和理论上研究具有多级基态歧管和光腔模式的原子之间的集体耦合。在我们的设置中，空腔场在基础状态之间光学泵送种群。随后的动力学可以通过有效的动力原子腔耦合强度方便地描述，该耦合强度取决于单个状态的职业及其与空腔模式的耦合强度。这导致原子量耦合强度的原子种群的动态反向，从而导致非指数弛豫动力学。我们通过激光冷却的$^{87} $ rb原子来实验观察到这种效果，为此我们实时监视集体正常模式分裂。我们的结果表明，与两级原子的集合相比，电子接地态的多级结构可以显着改变原子腔环境中的松弛行为。
We investigate experimentally and theoretically the collective coupling between atoms with multilevel ground state manifolds and an optical cavity mode. In our setup the cavity field optically pumps populations among the ground states. The ensuing dynamics can be conveniently described by means of an effective dynamical atom-cavity coupling strength that depends on the occupation of the individual states and their coupling strengths with the cavity mode. This leads to a dynamical backaction of the atomic populations on the atom-cavity coupling strength which results in a non-exponential relaxation dynamics. We experimentally observe this effect with laser-cooled $^{87}$Rb atoms, for which we monitor the collective normal-mode splitting in real time. Our results show that the multilevel structure of electronic ground states can significantly alter the relaxation behavior in atom-cavity settings as compared to ensembles of two-level atoms.
