论文标题
了解Braess的悖论在电网中
Understanding Braess' Paradox in power grids
论文作者
论文摘要
正在进行的能源过渡需要电网扩展，以将可再生发电机与消费者联系起来，并在遥远地区之间传递电力。电网扩展过程需要大量资源投资，并且应该使网格操作更加健壮。但是，违反直觉，增加现有线路或添加新线路的能力也可能会降低整体系统性能，甚至促进由于英勇的悖论而促进停电。 Braess的悖论是理论上建模的，但尚未在现实缩放的功率网格中得到证明。在这里，我们提出了一个实验设置，该设置显示了AC功率网格中Braess的悖论，并显示了它如何限制正在进行的大规模网格扩展项目。我们提出了一种拓扑理论，该理论揭示了关键机制，并预测了网络结构中的布雷西亚网格扩展。这些结果提供了一种理论方法，可以理解和实用指南，以支持防止不合适的基础架构和网格扩展的系统性计划。
The ongoing energy transition requires power grid extensions to connect renewable generators to consumers and to transfer power among distant areas. The process of grid extension requires a large investment of resources and is supposed to make grid operation more robust. Yet, counter-intuitively, increasing the capacity of existing lines or adding new lines may also reduce the overall system performance and even promote blackouts due to Braess' paradox. Braess' paradox was theoretically modeled but not yet proven in realistically scaled power grids. Here, we present an experimental setup demonstrating Braess' paradox in an AC power grid and show how it constrains ongoing large-scale grid extension projects. We present a topological theory that reveals the key mechanism and predicts Braessian grid extensions from the network structure. These results offer a theoretical method to understand and practical guidelines in support of preventing unsuitable infrastructures and the systemic planning of grid extensions.
