论文标题
下雨或不下雨：相关的是耀斑阶级和冠状降雨统计
To Rain or Not to Rain: Correlating GOES Flare Class and Coronal Rain Statistics
论文作者
论文摘要
射线后拱廊是太阳耀斑进化的众所周知的组成部分，已经观察到了几十年。冠状雨水，灾难性冷却的等离子体的级联，概述环，并提供了近期耀斑的醒目证据。这些事件被认为是普遍的，但是科学文献不包括任何统计概述，记录了这种现象的实际情况。 This study reviews Solar Dynamics Observatory Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (SDO AIA) observations of 241 flares collected from the Space Weather Prediction Center (SWPC) database between 2011 and 2018. The flares cover the entire strength range of the C, M, and X GOES classes, and are distributed evenly across the SDO-observed majority of Solar Cycle 24. We find that post-flare arcade rain occurs for nearly all X and most M级耀斑，但它在C级耀斑内迅速逐渐消失。在C5周围似乎有一个截止点，在此下面的降雨后降雨的发生大幅下降。 GOOS阶级和罚款后降雨事件的平均持续时间之间也存在一般的正相关。 C级耀斑中的流浪街机降雨事件似乎与黑子数相似，为估计（如果不预测）太阳周期强度提供了潜在的新工具。此外，在观察到的任何类别的最短街机环中，冷凝物似乎被抑制，这表明活动区域加热是高度约束的。这些结果为未来的研究开辟了进一步的途径，包括估计能量沉积的新方法，并更深入地了解稳定的主动区域加热。
Post-flare arcades are well-known components of solar flare evolution, which have been observed for several decades. Coronal rain, cascades of catastrophically-cooled plasma, outline the loops and provide eye-catching evidence of the recent flare. These events are acknowledged to be common, but the scientific literature does not include any statistical overview documenting just how common the phenomenon actually is. This study reviews Solar Dynamics Observatory Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (SDO AIA) observations of 241 flares collected from the Space Weather Prediction Center (SWPC) database between 2011 and 2018. The flares cover the entire strength range of the C, M, and X GOES classes, and are distributed evenly across the SDO-observed majority of Solar Cycle 24. We find that post-flare arcade rain occurs for nearly all X and most M-class flares, but that it tapers off rapidly within C-class flares. There appears to be a cut-off point around C5, below which the occurrence of post-flare arcade rain drops significantly. There is also a general positive correlation between GOES class and the average duration of post-flare rain events. Post-flare arcade rain events in C-class flares appear to track with the sunspot number, providing a potential new tool for estimating, if not predicting, solar cycle strength. Furthermore, condensations appear to be suppressed in the shortest-length arcade loops of any class observed, suggesting that active region heating is height-constrained. These results open up further avenues for future research, including new methods to estimate energy deposition and to gain greater insight into steady active region heating.
