论文标题

与会议点的在线乘车共享[技术报告]

Online Ridesharing with Meeting Points [Technical Report]

论文作者

Wang, Jiachuan, Cheng, Peng, Zheng, Libin, Chen, Lei, Zhang, Wenjie

论文摘要

如今,乘车共享成为一种流行的通勤模式。动态到达的骑手发布了他们的起源和目的地,然后该平台分配了驱动程序来为他们服务。在乘车共享中,如果一名驾驶员可以共享共同的路线,则可以由一个驾驶员提供不同的骑手。最近,许多乘车共享公司(例如,迪迪和Uber)进一步提出了一种新的模式,即“带有会议点的乘车共享”。具体来说,步行距离很短,但付款较少,可以分别捡起骑手,分别围绕着他们的起源和目的地。此外,会议点可以为驾驶员提供更灵活的路由,从而有可能提高系统的全球利润。在本文中,我们首先正式定义了基于会议点的在线乘车共享问题(MORP)。我们证明,MORP是NP-HARD,并且没有多项式确定性算法,其持续的竞争比率。我们注意到,顶点套件的结构,$ k $ -skip盖,非常适合MORP。 $ k $ -skip的封面倾向于找到方便的骑手和驾驶员来去去的顶点(会议点)。有了会议点,MORP倾向于用这些方便的顶点为更多的骑手服务。根据这个想法,我们介绍了基于便利的会议候选人选择算法。我们进一步提出了一个面向聚会点的图形(HMPO图),该图对分配效率进行排名,并构建$ k $ -skip封面以加速整个分配过程。最后,我们利用$ k $ -skip的优点用于乘车共享,并提出了一种新颖的算法,即SMDB来解决MORP。对真实和合成数据集的广泛实验验证了我们算法的有效性和效率。

Nowadays, ridesharing becomes a popular commuting mode. Dynamically arriving riders post their origins and destinations, then the platform assigns drivers to serve them. In ridesharing, different groups of riders can be served by one driver if their trips can share common routes. Recently, many ridesharing companies (e.g., Didi and Uber) further propose a new mode, namely "ridesharing with meeting points". Specifically, with a short walking distance but less payment, riders can be picked up and dropped off around their origins and destinations, respectively. In addition, meeting points enables more flexible routing for drivers, which can potentially improve the global profit of the system. In this paper, we first formally define the Meeting-Point-based Online Ridesharing Problem (MORP). We prove that MORP is NP-hard and there is no polynomial-time deterministic algorithm with a constant competitive ratio for it. We notice that a structure of vertex set, $k$-skip cover, fits well to the MORP. $k$-skip cover tends to find the vertices (meeting points) that are convenient for riders and drivers to come and go. With meeting points, MORP tends to serve more riders with these convenient vertices. Based on the idea, we introduce a convenience-based meeting point candidates selection algorithm. We further propose a hierarchical meeting-point oriented graph (HMPO graph), which ranks vertices for assignment effectiveness and constructs $k$-skip cover to accelerate the whole assignment process. Finally, we utilize the merits of $k$-skip cover points for ridesharing and propose a novel algorithm, namely SMDB, to solve MORP. Extensive experiments on real and synthetic datasets validate the effectiveness and efficiency of our algorithms.

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