论文标题
界定量子测量的最小时间
Bounding the Minimum Time of a Quantum Measurement
论文作者
论文摘要
测量在量子理论中起着单一的作用。尽管它们通常被理想地作为瞬时过程，但这与自然界中的所有其他物理过程相抵触。在这封信中，我们采取了一个立场，即与环境的相互作用是进行测量的关键要素。在此框架内，我们会根据进行测量所需的时间得出下限。我们的边界尺度与测量系统的熵变化成比例，并且随着可能的测量结果的数量或推动测量结果的相互作用强度的增加而减小。我们在两个示例中评估了我们的界限，在两个示例中，环境是由玻感模式建模的，测量设备由旋转或玻色子建模。
Measurements take a singular role in quantum theory. While they are often idealized as an instantaneous process, this is in conflict with all other physical processes in nature. In this Letter, we adopt a standpoint where the interaction with an environment is a crucial ingredient for the occurrence of a measurement. Within this framework, we derive lower bounds on the time needed for a measurement to occur. Our bound scales proportionally to the change in entropy of the measured system, and decreases as the number of of possible measurement outcomes or the interaction strength driving the measurement increases. We evaluate our bound in two examples where the environment is modelled by bosonic modes and the measurement apparatus is modelled by spins or bosons.
