论文标题
编写无拷贝流串换灯
Composing Copyless Streaming String Transducers
论文作者
论文摘要
流字符串传感器(SST)通过在单个左右通行证中读取每个输入单词,同时在有限的字符串变量集中维护潜在输出的片段,从而实现字符串转换。这些变量会在传感器的过渡中更新,可以在其中分配通过变量和输出符号的串联描述的新值。如果每个更新都不会在所有分配的表达式中发生不超过一次,则将SST称为无副本。无拷贝SST所实现的转换与Courcelle的Monadic二阶逻辑图传感器(MSOT)相吻合时,仅限于字符串图。已知无拷贝的SST也等同于非确定的msots。 确定性和非确定性的msots在组成下封闭。鉴于MSOTS和无拷贝SST的等效性,很容易看出,无拷贝的SST在组成下也关闭。然而,这一事实的原始证明是基于直接结构的,该结构是从两个给定的无拷贝SST中产生复合的无副本SST。 Joost Englefriet发现的反例显示,这种结构可能会产生复制的传感器。我们为确定性和非确定性SST的原始组成结构重新审视,并表明,尽管它们可以引入复制更新,但它们所表现出的副本行为是肤浅的。为了表征这种温和的复制行为,我们定义了一个复制的SST子类,称为无钻石SST,其中在任何后续分配中,从未将两个共同变量的两个副本合并。为了恢复原始结构的修改版本,我们提供了一种从任何无钻石复制的SST生产同等副本SST的方法。
Streaming string transducers (SSTs) implement string-to-string transformations by reading each input word in a single left-to-right pass while maintaining fragments of potential outputs in a finite set of string variables. These variables get updated on transitions of the transducer, where they can be assigned new values described by concatenations of variables and output symbols. An SST is called copyless if every update is such that no variable occurs more than once amongst all of the assigned expressions. The transformations realized by copyless SSTs coincide with Courcelle's monadic second-order logic graph transducers (MSOTs) when restricted to string graphs. Copyless SSTs with nondeterminism are known to be equivalent to nondeterministic MSOTs as well. MSOTs, both deterministic and nondeterministic, are closed under composition. Given the equivalence of MSOTs and copyless SSTs, it is easy to see that copyless SSTs are also closed under composition. The original proof of this fact, however, was based on a direct construction to produce a composite copyless SST from two given copyless SSTs. A counterexample discovered by Joost Englefriet showed that this construction may produce copyful transducers. We revisit the original composition constructions for both deterministic and nondeterministic SSTs and show that, although they can introduce copyful updates, the resulting copyful behavior they exhibit is superficial. To characterize this mild copyful behavior, we define a subclass of copyful SSTs, called diamond-free SSTs, in which two copies of a common variable are never combined in any subsequent assignment. In order to recover a modified version of the original construction, we provide a method for producing an equivalent copyless SST from any diamond-free copyful SST.