论文标题
Clifford神经层用于PDE建模
Clifford Neural Layers for PDE Modeling
论文作者
论文摘要
部分微分方程(PDE)参见在科学和工程中的广泛使用,以将物理过程的模拟描述为标量和矢量场随着时间的推移相互作用和协调。由于其标准解决方案方法的计算昂贵性质,神经PDE替代物已成为加速这些模拟的积极研究主题。但是,当前的方法并未明确考虑不同字段及其内部组件之间的关系,这些关系通常是相关的。查看此类相关场的时间演变通过跨越磁场的镜头,使我们能够克服这些局限性。多胎场由标量,矢量以及高阶组成部分组成,例如双分数和三分射线。 Clifford代数可以描述它们的代数特性,例如乘法,加法和其他算术操作。据我们所知,本文在深度学习的背景下介绍了此类多人表示形式的首次使用以及Clifford汇报和Clifford Fourier变换。由此产生的Clifford神经层普遍适用,并且会在流体动态,天气预报和一般物理系统的建模领域中直接使用。我们通过经验评估克利福德神经层的好处,通过在2D Navier-Stokes和天气建模任务以及3D Maxwell方程式上取代其Clifford对应物中常见的神经PDE代理中的卷积和傅立叶操作。对于类似的参数计数,Clifford神经层始终提高测试神经PDE替代物的概括能力。我们的Pytorch实现的源代码可在https://microsoft.github.io/cliffordlayers/上获得。
Partial differential equations (PDEs) see widespread use in sciences and engineering to describe simulation of physical processes as scalar and vector fields interacting and coevolving over time. Due to the computationally expensive nature of their standard solution methods, neural PDE surrogates have become an active research topic to accelerate these simulations. However, current methods do not explicitly take into account the relationship between different fields and their internal components, which are often correlated. Viewing the time evolution of such correlated fields through the lens of multivector fields allows us to overcome these limitations. Multivector fields consist of scalar, vector, as well as higher-order components, such as bivectors and trivectors. Their algebraic properties, such as multiplication, addition and other arithmetic operations can be described by Clifford algebras. To our knowledge, this paper presents the first usage of such multivector representations together with Clifford convolutions and Clifford Fourier transforms in the context of deep learning. The resulting Clifford neural layers are universally applicable and will find direct use in the areas of fluid dynamics, weather forecasting, and the modeling of physical systems in general. We empirically evaluate the benefit of Clifford neural layers by replacing convolution and Fourier operations in common neural PDE surrogates by their Clifford counterparts on 2D Navier-Stokes and weather modeling tasks, as well as 3D Maxwell equations. For similar parameter count, Clifford neural layers consistently improve generalization capabilities of the tested neural PDE surrogates. Source code for our PyTorch implementation is available at https://microsoft.github.io/cliffordlayers/.