论文标题

关于广义非上下文性的系统漏洞

On the system loophole of generalized noncontextuality

论文作者

Gitton, Victor, Woods, Mischa P.

论文摘要

广义的非上下文性是适用于单个系统的经典概念,而不是贝尔区域。它依赖于在本体论模型中相同地表示操作上无法区分的程序。但是,操作的不可区分性取决于一个可以用来区分两个程序的操作集:我们将此集作为无法区分性的参考。因此,给定的实验是否非副本取决于参考的选择。很少讨论文献中出现的参考的选择,但通常与实验基础的系统概念有关。然后,这种观点的转变引出了一个问题:一个问题应该如何定义实验基础的系统范围?我们的论文主要旨在暴露这个问题,而不是为此提供确定的答案。我们首先为准备和衡量方案制定相对非上下文性的概念,这仅仅是关于不可区分性的明确参考的非上下文性。我们研究了相对非上下文性的判决如何取决于此参考选择,并在此过程中介绍了准备和衡量场景的非上下文图的概念。然后,我们讨论了一些提出的建议,以便将参考提及特定选择,并将这些建议与系统真正含义的不同概念联系起来。在讨论中,我们提倡实验是否不是不受义者的绝对频率。

Generalized noncontextuality is a well-studied notion of classicality that is applicable to a single system, as opposed to Bell locality. It relies on representing operationally indistinguishable procedures identically in an ontological model. However, operational indistinguishability depends on the set of operations that one may use to distinguish two procedures: we refer to this set as the reference of indistinguishability. Thus, whether or not a given experiment is noncontextual depends on the choice of reference. The choices of references appearing in the literature are seldom discussed, but typically relate to a notion of system underlying the experiment. This shift in perspective then begs the question: how should one define the extent of the system underlying an experiment? Our paper primarily aims at exposing this question rather than providing a definitive answer to it. We start by formulating a notion of relative noncontextuality for prepare-and-measure scenarios, which is simply noncontextuality with respect to an explicit reference of indistinguishability. We investigate how verdicts of relative noncontextuality depend on this choice of reference, and in the process introduce the concept of the noncontextuality graph of a prepare-and-measure scenario. We then discuss several proposals that one may appeal to in order to fix the reference to a specific choice, and relate these proposals to different conceptions of what a system really is. With this discussion, we advocate that whether or not an experiment is noncontextual is not as absolute as often perceived.

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