论文标题
新的对称性,保守的数量和衡量性质的性质
New symmetries, conserved quantities and gauge nature of a free Dirac field
论文作者
论文摘要
我们介绍并扩大了我们先前的一些陈述,即在free Dirac方程(DE)和Klein-Gordon方程(KGE)之间的解决方案之间的非传统相互关系。我们证明,可以通过分化相应的标量磁场对相应的KGE溶液来获得DE的所有溶液(具有点或字符串样奇异性)。这样,我们获得了野牛潜能和以前未知的DE和KGE解决方案链的“旋转类似物”,以及具有野外电荷有限值的KGE和DE的特殊溶液(“局部” de Broglie Wave)。标量“电势”对定义为量规变换,在该规范的情况下,DE的相应解仍然不变。在Lorentz组的变换下,规范旋转器转换仅形成了更通用的解决方案转换为DE的子类,其产生标量电势经历了内部对称性的转换,将其组成。在一场完整革命的持续转弯下,通常,转换解决方案返回其最初的价值(“旋转两个价值”是不存在的)。使用DE的任意解决方案,可以将标准的一组非典型的保守量,它们之间的积极确定的“能量”密度以及任何KGE解决方案 - 正确定的“概率密度”等相关联。
We present and amplify some of our previous statements on non-canonical interrelations between the solutions to free Dirac equation (DE) and Klein-Gordon equation (KGE). We demonstrate that all the solutions to the DE (possessing point- or string-like singularities) can be obtained via differentiation of a corresponding pair of the KGE solutions for a doublet of scalar fields. On this way we obtain a "spinor analogue" of the mesonic Yukawa potential and previously unknown chains of solutions to DE and KGE, as well as an exceptional solution to the KGE and DE with a finite value of the field charge ("localized" de Broglie wave). The pair of scalar "potentials" is defined up to a gauge transformation under which corresponding solution of the DE remains invariant. Under transformations of Lorentz group, canonical spinor transformations form only a subclass of a more general class of transformations of the solutions to DE upon which the generating scalar potentials undergo transformations of internal symmetry intermixing their components. Under continious turn by one complete revolution the transforming solutions, as a rule, return back to their initial values ("spinor two-valuedness" is absent). With arbitrary solution of the DE one can associate, apart of the standard one, a non-canonical set of conserved quantities, positive definite "energy" density among them, and with any KGE solution -- positive definite "probability density", etc. Finally, we discuss a generalization of the proposed procedure to the case when the external electromagnetic field is present