论文标题
最佳动态保险合同
Optimal dynamic insurance contracts
论文作者
论文摘要
我通过不对称信息在保险市场中分析了长期签约。买方私下观察了她的风险类型,随着时间的流逝,这种风险类型会随着时间的流逝而演变。一份长期合同指定了保险单菜单,取决于类型报告的历史和可违约的事故信息。最佳合同在每个时期内为消费者提供了固定保费的永久完整保险政策与危险的连续合同之间的选择,在这种情况下,当前时期的事故不仅可能影响期限内的消费量(部分覆盖范围),而且影响未来的政策。 该模型允许任意限制在公司可以在定价中使用事故信息的程度。在没有定价限制的情况下,有效地提供激励措施,使用了事故和部分覆盖范围的选择。如果公司无法使用事故历史记录,则奖励了较长的部分覆盖范围选择,从而导致菜单具有便宜的全覆盖范围,并且更具吸引力的部分覆盖选择;沿所有历史,分配无效的效率均降低。 这些结果用于研究一个完美竞争的模型,在这种模型中,每当存在时,平衡都是独特的,以及垄断问题,在提供信息租金的必要条件和足够条件的情况下。
I analyze long-term contracting in insurance markets with asymmetric information. The buyer privately observes her risk type, which evolves stochastically over time. A long-term contract specifies a menu of insurance policies, contingent on the history of type reports and contractable accident information. The optimal contract offers the consumer in each period a choice between a perpetual complete coverage policy with fixed premium and a risky continuation contract in which current period's accidents may affect not only within-period consumption (partial coverage) but also future policies. The model allows for arbitrary restrictions to the extent to which firms can use accident information in pricing. In the absence of pricing restrictions, accidents as well as choices of partial coverage are used in the efficient provision of incentives. If firms are unable to use accident history, longer periods of partial coverage choices are rewarded, leading to menus with cheaper full-coverage options and more attractive partial-coverage options; and allocative inefficiency decreases along all histories. These results are used to study a model of perfect competition, where the equilibrium is unique whenever it exists, as well as the monopoly problem, where necessary and sufficient conditions for the presence of information rents are given.