论文标题
重离子碰撞中状态的高密度方程：质子流的约束
The high-density equation of state in heavy-ion collisions: Constraints from proton flow
论文作者
论文摘要
在重型离子碰撞的非平衡转运模拟（URQMD）的分子动力学部分中实现了一组不同的状态方程。它显示了如何受状态方程的密度依赖性影响不同的流量。特别是，探索了高密度过渡的效果，包括平均$ m_t $的预期减少。我们还表明，$ v_2 $的增加对于强大的状态方程式而言是特征的。相位的相转换为低的共存密度，$ n _ {\ mathrm {ce}} <4 n_0 $，在定向流的斜率上显示出明显的最小值作为梁能量的函数，这将是一个明显的实验信号。通过将我们的结果与实验数据进行比较，我们可以排除低于$ 4N_0 $的密度的任何强相变。
A set of different equations of state is implemented in the molecular dynamics part of a non-equilibrium transport simulation (UrQMD) of heavy-ion collisions. It is shown how different flow observables are affected by the density dependence of the equation of state. In particular, the effects of a phase transition at high density are explored, including an expected reduction in mean $m_T$. We also show that an increase in $v_2$ is characteristic for a strong softening of the equation of state. The phase transitions with a low coexistence density, $n_{\mathrm{CE}}<4 n_0$, show a distinct minimum in the slope of the directed flow as a function of the beam energy, which would be a clear experimental signal. By comparing our results with experimental data, we can exclude any strong phase transition at densities below $4n_0$.
