论文标题
激光雷达大满贯用于自动驾驶车辆
Lidar SLAM for Autonomous Driving Vehicles
论文作者
论文摘要
本文为自动驾驶车辆提供了基于激光雷达的同时定位和映射（SLAM）。研究了来自地标传感器的数据和自适应Kalman滤波器（KF）中的带状惯性测量单元（IMU）加上系统的可观察性。除了车辆的状态和具有里程碑意义的位置外，自我调整过滤器还估计IMU校准参数以及测量噪声的协方差。流程噪声，状态过渡矩阵和观察灵敏度矩阵的离散时间协方差矩阵以封闭形式得出，使其适合实时实现。检查3D SLAM系统的可观察性得出的结论是，该系统在地标对齐的几何条件下仍然可以观察到。
This paper presents Lidar-based Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) for autonomous driving vehicles. Fusing data from landmark sensors and a strap-down Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) in an adaptive Kalman filter (KF) plus the observability of the system are investigated. In addition to the vehicle's states and landmark positions, a self-tuning filter estimates the IMU calibration parameters as well as the covariance of the measurement noise. The discrete-time covariance matrix of the process noise, the state transition matrix, and the observation sensitivity matrix are derived in closed-form making them suitable for real-time implementation. Examining the observability of the 3D SLAM system leads to the conclusion that the system remains observable upon a geometrical condition on the alignment of the landmarks.
