论文标题
AT2019WXT:在引力波触发的电磁随访中发现的超脱落的超新星候选者
AT2019wxt: An ultra-stripped supernova candidate discovered in electromagnetic follow-up of a gravitational wave trigger
论文作者
论文摘要
我们介绍了在搜索与重力波(GW)触发S191213G(Ligo Scientific Collocation&Virgo协作与Virgo协作2019a)中发现的快速发展的瞬态AT2019WXT(PS19HGW)的光学,无线电和X射线观察结果。尽管在Ligo-Virgo数据的离线分析中,S191213G尚未被确认为重要的GW事件,但由于其特殊的性质,AT2019WXT仍然是一个有趣的短暂性。 AT2019WXT的光学/NIR光曲线显示出一种双峰结构,以类似于当前知道的超脱衣舞(USSNE)候选者的方式来迅速发展。这种双峰结构表明,祖细胞周围有一个扩展的信封,最好以两元组件进行建模:i)早期冲击冷 - 冷 - ii)late time放射性$^{56} $ ni衰变。我们限制了AT2019WXT的弹出质量为$ m_ {ej} \大约{0.20 m _ {\ odot}} $,这表明可能在二进制系统中的剥离祖细胞。我们还跟进了AT2019WXT,长期Chandra和Jansky非常大的阵列观测值$ \ sim $ 260天。在这些长期的X射线和无线电观察活动中,我们在AT2019WXT的位置没有发现确定的同行。我们将X射线上限建立在$ 9.93 \ times10^{ - 17} $ erg cm $^{ - 2} $ s $^{ - 1} $,并从AT2019WXT的区域中检测出多余的无线电发射。但是,在我们观察过程中,无线电通量的SN1993J或GW170817样变异性几乎没有证据。可能是对测得的无线电通量的大量宿主星系贡献。在EMGW随访观察过程中,AT2019WXT在光学/NIR观察中的发现和早期峰捕获凸显了需要专用的早期,多波段的光度观测值以识别USSNE。
We present optical, radio and X-ray observations of a rapidly-evolving transient AT2019wxt (PS19hgw), discovered during the search for an electromagnetic (EM) counterpart to the gravitational-wave (GW) trigger S191213g (LIGO Scientific Collaboration & Virgo Collaboration 2019a). Although S191213g was not confirmed as a significant GW event in the off-line analysis of LIGO-Virgo data, AT2019wxt remained an interesting transient due its peculiar nature. The optical/NIR light curve of AT2019wxt displayed a double-peaked structure evolving rapidly in a manner analogous to currently know ultra-stripped supernovae (USSNe) candidates. This double-peaked structure suggests presence of an extended envelope around the progenitor, best modelled with two-components: i) early-time shock-cooling emission and ii) late-time radioactive $^{56}$Ni decay. We constrain the ejecta mass of AT2019wxt at $M_{ej} \approx{0.20 M_{\odot}}$ which indicates a significantly stripped progenitor that was possibly in a binary system. We also followed-up AT2019wxt with long-term Chandra and Jansky Very Large Array observations spanning $\sim$260 days. We detected no definitive counterparts at the location of AT2019wxt in these long-term X-ray and radio observational campaigns. We establish the X-ray upper limit at $9.93\times10^{-17}$ erg cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$ and detect an excess radio emission from the region of AT2019wxt. However, there is little evidence for SN1993J- or GW170817-like variability of the radio flux over the course of our observations. A substantial host galaxy contribution to the measured radio flux is likely. The discovery and early-time peak capture of AT2019wxt in optical/NIR observation during EMGW follow-up observations highlights the need of dedicated early, multi-band photometric observations to identify USSNe.