论文标题
物联网的基于区块链的分散和动态授权计划
A Blockchain-based Decentralised and Dynamic Authorisation Scheme for the Internet of Things
论文作者
论文摘要
授权被认为是防止未经授权访问关键资源(例如设备和数据)在物联网(IoT)网络中的重要安全措施。 IoT网络的现有授权方法基于传统的访问控制模型,这些模型具有多个缺点,包括架构集中,策略篡改,访问权限验证,恶意的第三方策略分配和控制以及与网络相关的开销。将区块链技术与物联网网络集成的趋势不断增长,这表明了它的重要性和潜力,可以解决传统物联网网络授权机制的缺点。本文提出了基于基于属性的访问控制(ABAC)存储在分布式不可分割的分类帐中的精细元素策略,针对物联网网络的分散,安全,动态和灵活的授权方案。我们设计了一个基于区块链的ABAC政策管理框架,该框架分为属性管理管理局(AMA)和政策管理机构(PMA)框架,该框架使用智能合约功能来初始化,存储和管理区块链上的属性和政策。为了在授权过程中实现灵活性和动态性,我们与ABAC模型的主题和对象属性一起捕获和利用与环境相关的属性来定义策略。此外,我们设计了基于区块链的访问管理框架(AMF),以管理用户请求以访问IoT设备,同时维护用户请求和分配的策略的隐私性和可审核性。我们实施了建议的计划的原型,并在本地以太坊区块链上执行了原型。最后,考虑到部署,执行和财务成本,我们证明了我们提出的计划对基于物联网的智能家庭场景的适用性和灵活性。
An authorisation has been recognised as an important security measure for preventing unauthorised access to critical resources, such as devices and data, within the Internet of Things (IoT) networks. Existing authorisation methods for the IoT network are based on traditional access control models, which have several drawbacks, including architecture centralisation, policy tampering, access rights validation, malicious third-party policy assignment and control, and network-related overheads. The increasing trend of integrating Blockchain technology with IoT networks demonstrates its importance and potential to address the shortcomings of traditional IoT network authorisation mechanisms. This paper proposes a decentralised, secure, dynamic, and flexible authorisation scheme for IoT networks based on attribute-based access control (ABAC) fine-grained policies stored on a distributed immutable ledger. We design a Blockchain-based ABAC policy management framework divided into Attribute Management Authority (AMA) and Policy Management Authority (PMA) frameworks that use smart contract features to initialise, store, and manage attributes and policies on the Blockchain. To achieve flexibility and dynamicity in the authorisation process, we capture and utilise the environmental-related attributes in conjunction with the subject and object attributes of the ABAC model to define the policies. Furthermore, we designed the Blockchain-based Access Management Framework (AMF) to manage user requests to access IoT devices while maintaining the privacy and auditability of user requests and assigned policies. We implemented a prototype of our proposed scheme and executed it on the local Ethereum Blockchain. Finally, we demonstrated the applicability and flexibility of our proposed scheme for an IoT-based smart home scenario, taking into account deployment, execution and financial costs.