论文标题

反思互联网协议堆栈的有机增长

A Reflection on the Organic Growth of the Internet Protocol Stack

论文作者

Paillisse, Jordi, Rodriguez-Natal, Alberto, Maino, Fabio, Cabellos, Albert

论文摘要

在过去的15年中,互联网体系结构继续有机地发展,将新标题和协议引入了经典的TCP/IP堆栈。更具体地说,我们已经确定了两个主要趋势。首先,通常在L3或L4上加密大多数通信。其次,由于协议骨化,开发人员已诉诸于上层以引入新功能(L4及以上)。例如,Quic的连接迁移功能在L4处提供移动性。 在本文中,我们围绕这些更改进行了反思,并尝试通过在TCP/IP堆栈中添加两个其他协议标题来形式化它们:一个用于安全性,另一个用于新功能。我们必须注意,我们没有介绍新的体系结构,而是试图绘制它已经存在的内容。此外,我们详细阐述了将我们带到这里的力量,并列举了正在塑造这些新标头的当前建议。我们还详细分析了此类趋势的三个示例:零信任网络范式,QUIC运输协议和现代SD-WAN系统。最后,我们通过将这两个额外的层添加到TCP/IP协议堆栈中,介绍了该体系结构的形式化。我们的目标是触发有关当前互联网体系结构的变化的讨论。

In the last 15 years, the Internet architecture has continued evolving organically, introducing new headers and protocols to the classic TCP/IP stack. More specifically, we have identified two major trends. First, it is common that most communications are encrypted, either at L3 or L4. And second, due to protocol ossification, developers have resorted to upper layers to introduce new functionalities (L4 and above). For example, QUIC's connection migration feature provides mobility at L4. In this paper we present a reflection around these changes, and attempt to formalize them by adding two additional protocol headers to the TCP/IP stack: one for security, and another for new functionalities. We must note that we are not presenting a new architecture, but trying to draw up what it's already out there. In addition, we elaborate on the forces that have brought us here, and we enumerate current proposals that are shaping these new headers. We also analyze in detail three examples of such trends: the Zero Trust Networking paradigm, the QUIC transport protocol, and modern SD-WAN systems. Finally, we present a formalization of this architecture by adding these two additional layers to the TCP/IP protocol stack. Our goal is triggering a discussion on the changes of the current Internet architecture.

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