论文标题
$ r^k $限制潜力的大量超级流体涡流的动力
Dynamics of a massive superfluid vortex in $r^k$ confining potentials
论文作者
论文摘要
我们研究具有不同背景密度曲线的冷凝物中的超氟涡流的运动，范围从抛物线到均匀。可以通过实验实现的一般幂律潜在$ \ propto r^k $的有效点涡流模型可以通过光学捕获技术的最新进展来实验。我们的分析包括空核和填充核心涡流。在后一种情况下，由于位于其核心中的可区分原子，涡流会获得质量。轴对称性使我们能够将耦合的运动方程式减少到具有有效电位$ v _ {\ rm eff} $的单个径向方程。在许多情况下，$ v _ {\ rm eff} $具有一个最小值，其中涡流均匀地进度。涡流的动力学和局部大规模核心源于能量对涡流的径向位置的依赖性以及$ r^k $陷阱的电位。我们发现，朝向方向的质量轨道较小的正涡体，但是随着核心质量的增加，进动的感觉会逆转。早期实验和对两组分涡流的理论研究发现了一些定性上相似的行为。
We study the motion of a superfluid vortex in condensates having different background density profiles, ranging from parabolic to uniform. The resulting effective point-vortex model for a generic power-law potential $\propto r^k$ can be experimentally realized with recent advances in optical-trapping techniques. Our analysis encompasses both empty-core and filled-core vortices. In the latter case, the vortex acquires a mass due to the presence of distinguishable atoms located in its core. The axisymmetry allows us to reduce the coupled dynamical equations of motion to a single radial equation with an effective potential $V_{\rm eff}$. In many cases, $V_{\rm eff}$ has a single minimum, where the vortex precesses uniformly. The dynamics of the vortex and the localized massive core arises from the dependence of the energy on the radial position of the vortex and from the $r^k$ trap potential. We find that a positive vortex with small mass orbits in the positive direction, but the sense of precession can reverse as the core mass increases. Early experiments and theoretical studies on two-component vortices found some qualitatively similar behavior.
