论文标题
目光可以打动触摸吗？ FITTS的凝视，触摸和鼠标输入的法律评估
Can Gaze Beat Touch? A Fitts' Law Evaluation of Gaze, Touch, and Mouse Inputs
论文作者
论文摘要
凝视输入一直是鼠标输入点和选择相互作用的有前途的替代品。严重运动和言语障碍的人主要依靠目光投入进行交流。在情境引起的障碍和残疾（SIID）的情况下，目光输入也是一种免提输入方式。因此，通过标准化的性能评估程序（如FITTS定律）将目光输入的性能与鼠标输入进行了比较。随着触摸式设备的扩散，例如智能手机，平板电脑或任何具有触摸表面的计算设备，将目光输入的性能与接触输入进行比较也很重要。 在这项研究中，我们进行了ISO 9241-9 FITTS的法律评估，以比较多模式和基于脚的输入的性能，以在标准台式环境中接触输入，同时将鼠标输入用作基线。从一项涉及12名参与者的研究中，我们发现目光输入的吞吐量最低（2.55位/s），而运动时间最高（1.04 s）。此外，尽管触摸输入涉及最大的物理运动，但它达到了最高的吞吐量（6.67位/s），运动时间最小（0.5 s），并且是最喜欢的输入。虽然在使用凝视和触摸输入时，虽然如何迅速将指向从源到目标位置有相似之处，但目标选择会在注视输入中消耗最大时间。因此，吞吐量比目光高160％以上，触摸被证明是出色的输入方式。
Gaze input has been a promising substitute for mouse input for point and select interactions. Individuals with severe motor and speech disabilities primarily rely on gaze input for communication. Gaze input also serves as a hands-free input modality in the scenarios of situationally-induced impairments and disabilities (SIIDs). Hence, the performance of gaze input has often been compared to mouse input through standardized performance evaluation procedure like the Fitts' Law. With the proliferation of touch-enabled devices such as smartphones, tablet PCs, or any computing device with a touch surface, it is also important to compare the performance of gaze input to touch input. In this study, we conducted ISO 9241-9 Fitts' Law evaluation to compare the performance of multimodal gaze and foot-based input to touch input in a standard desktop environment, while using mouse input as the baseline. From a study involving 12 participants, we found that the gaze input has the lowest throughput (2.55 bits/s), and the highest movement time (1.04 s) of the three inputs. In addition, though touch input involves maximum physical movements, it achieved the highest throughput (6.67 bits/s), the least movement time (0.5 s), and was the most preferred input. While there are similarities in how quickly pointing can be moved from source to target location when using both gaze and touch inputs, target selection consumes maximum time with gaze input. Hence, with a throughput that is over 160% higher than gaze, touch proves to be a superior input modality.
