论文标题
用中微子振荡层析成像揭示外核成分
Unveiling the outer core composition with neutrino oscillation tomography
论文作者
论文摘要
在过去的70年中，地球物理学确定地球的外核是一种feni合金，其中包含几个光元素，其性质和数量在今天仍然存在争议。除了硅和氧的经典组合外，还提倡氢作为唯一可以单独考虑外部芯的密度和速度曲线的光元素。在这里，我们通过利用大气中微子提供的层析成像信息，在大气中产生的弱相互交互的颗粒并不断地遍历地球，从独立角度来展示了这个问题。我们评估了即将产生的大气中微子探测器对这种测量的潜力，这表明它们可以在50年的伴随数据中有效地检测到Feni Core中1 wt％的氢的存在。然后，我们确定了下一代检测器在几年时间内执行此测量的主要要求，并进一步能够在不到15年的时间内有效区分Fenih和Fenisi（X）O（Y）模型。
In the last 70 years, geophysics has established that the Earth's outer core is an FeNi alloy containing a few percent of light elements, whose nature and amount remain controversial today. Besides the classical combinations of silicon and oxygen, hydrogen has been advocated as the only light element that could account alone for both the density and velocity profiles of the outer core. Here we show how this question can be addressed from an independant viewpoint, by exploiting the tomographic information provided by atmospheric neutrinos, weakly-interacting particles produced in the atmosphere and constantly traversing the Earth. We evaluate the potential of the upcoming generation of atmospheric neutrino detectors for such a measurement, showing that they could efficiently detect the presence of 1 wt% of hydrogen in an FeNi core in 50 years of concomitant data taking. We then identify the main requirements for a next-generation detector to perform this measurement in a few years timescale, with the further capability to efficiently discriminate between FeNiH and FeNiSi(x)O(y) models in less than 15 years.
