论文标题
对物联网应用程序的基于SIPM的光子计数接收器的实施和评估
Implementation and Evaluation of SiPM-Based Photon Counting Receiver for IoT Applications
论文作者
论文摘要
硅光电层流（SIPM）是光子计数检测器，具有提高光学接收器灵敏度的巨大潜力。沟通中sipms的最新研究集中在速度上，而不是接收器的功耗。这些SIPM后读数电路中放大器的增益带宽产品（GBP）明显高于目标数据速率。此外，使用离线方法进行光学通信的SIPM实验，该实验使用包括示波器和个人计算机在内的工具来处理传输数据的块。在这项工作中，我们开发了一个基于嵌入式的实时现场可编程栅极阵列（FPGA）系统，以评估市售的1 mm-SQ SIPM。实施的实时系统可将数据速率从10 Kbps到1 Mbps，低于1E-3以下的位错误率（BER）接近泊松限制。结果表明，降低黑暗计数率或增加数据速率会导致每位时间较低的黑暗计数，从而减少误差概率（PE）为1E-3的功率损失。数值模拟的结果表明，要维持泊松限制，基于测试的数据速率内的拟议设置，SIPM读数电路中放大器的最小GBP为120 MHz。该GBP限制由读出电路的噪声层确定。在需要高光学敏感性时，对光子计数和BER中接收器的最低GBP和接收器的电力消耗的分析可以使未来采用该接收器技术，例如，对于低数据速率Internet（IOT）应用，可见光通信（VLC）。
Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs) are photon-counting detectors with great potential to improve the sensitivity of optical receivers. Recent studies of SiPMs in communication focus on the speed rather than the power consumption of the receiver. The gain bandwidth product (GBP) of the amplifiers in these post-SiPM readout circuits is significantly higher than the target data rate. Additionally, the SiPM experiments for optical communication are performed using an offline method which uses instruments including oscilloscopes and personal computers to process chunks of the transmitted data. In this work, we have developed an embedded real-time field-programmable gate array (FPGA) based system to evaluate a commercially available 1 mm-sq SiPM. The implemented real-time system achieves data rates from 10 kbps to 1 Mbps with a bit error rate (BER) below 1E-3 approaching the Poisson limit. Results showed that reducing either the dark count rate or increasing the data rate leads to lower dark counts per bit time, hence less power penalty to maintain a probability of error (PE) of 1E-3. The numerically simulated results indicated that to maintain the Poisson limit, the minimum GBP of the amplifier in the post-SiPM readout circuit is 120 MHz based on the proposed setup within the tested data rates. This GBP limitation is determined by the noise floor of the read-out circuit. The analysis of the minimum GBP and electrical power consumption of the receiver in photon counting and BER enables the potential future adoption of this receiver technology when high optical sensitivity is required, such as visible light communications (VLC) for low data rate Internet of Things (IoT) applications.
