论文标题
使用状态图教学互动
Teaching Interaction using State Diagrams
论文作者
论文摘要
为了使计算思维吸引年轻的学习者,最初的编程指令看起来与十年前的图形和机器人的使用越来越多。第一步之后,孩子们想创建互动程序,他们需要一个模型。状态图提供了这样的模型。 本文记录了模型驱动的工程工具SD Draw的设计和实施,即使是初生的孩子也可以使用ELM程序中的模型视图上升模式标准在ELM编程语言中绘制和理解状态图,并在ELM编程语言中创建可修改的应用程序模板。我们已经用4年级和5年级的学生对此进行了测试。在我们的初步测试中,我们发现孩子们很快使用此工具了解了状态图的动机和使用,即使只教授混凝土状态才能模拟抽象状态,也会独立发现抽象状态。为了确定这种方法是否适合我们想知道的这个年龄的孩子:孩子们了解国家图,他们了解可及性的作用吗?他们是否参与其中?我们发现他们能够在国家图的不同表示之间翻译,强烈表明他们确实理解了它们。我们发现,通过置换零假设,即它们正在随机创建图表,他们确实可以理解可达性。我们发现他们被这个概念所吸引,许多学生在放学后和周末继续开发自己的图表。
To make computational thinking appealing to young learners, initial programming instruction looks very different now than a decade ago, with increasing use of graphics and robots both real and virtual. After the first steps, children want to create interactive programs, and they need a model for this. State diagrams provide such a model. This paper documents the design and implementation of a Model-Driven Engineering tool, SD Draw, that allows even primary-aged children to draw and understand state diagrams, and create modifiable app templates in the Elm programming language using the model-view-update pattern standard in Elm programs. We have tested this with grade 4 and 5 students. In our initial test, we discovered that children quickly understand the motivation and use of state diagrams using this tool, and will independently discover abstract states even if they are only taught to model using concrete states. To determine whether this approach is appropriate for children of this age we wanted to know: do children understand state diagrams, do they understand the role of reachability, and are they engaged by them? We found that they are able to translate between different representations of state diagrams, strongly indicating that they do understand them. We found with confidence p<0.001 that they do understand reachability by refuting the null hypothesis that they are creating diagrams randomly. And we found that they were engaged by the concept, with many students continuing to develop their diagrams on their own time after school and on the weekend.