论文标题
部分可观测时空混沌系统的无模型预测
Gravitational Equivalence Theorem and Double-Copy for Kaluza-Klein Graviton Scattering Amplitudes
论文作者
论文摘要
储层计算是预测湍流的有力工具,其简单的架构具有处理大型系统的计算效率。然而,其实现通常需要完整的状态向量测量和系统非线性知识。我们使用非线性投影函数将系统测量扩展到高维空间,然后将其输入到储层中以获得预测。我们展示了这种储层计算网络在时空混沌系统上的应用,该系统模拟了湍流的若干特征。我们表明,使用径向基函数作为非线性投影器,即使只有部分观测并且不知道控制方程,也能稳健地捕捉复杂的系统非线性。最后,我们表明,当测量稀疏、不完整且带有噪声,甚至控制方程变得不准确时,我们的网络仍然可以产生相当准确的预测,从而为实际湍流系统的无模型预测铺平了道路。
We analyze the structure of scattering amplitudes of the Kaluza-Klein (KK) gravitons and of the KK gravitational Goldstone bosons in the compactified 5d General Relativity (GR). Using a general $R_ξ$ gauge-fixing, we study the geometric Higgs mechanism for the massive spin-2 KK gravitons. We newly propose and prove a Gravitational Equivalence Theorem (GRET) to connect the scattering amplitudes of longitudinal KK gravitons to that of the KK gravitational Goldstone bosons, which formulates the geometric gravitational Higgs mechanism at the scattering $S$-matrix level. We demonstrate that the GRET provides a general energy-cancellation mechanism guaranteeing the $N$-point longitudinal KK graviton scattering amplitudes to have their leading energy dependence cancelled down by a large power factor of $E^{2N}$ ($N \geq 4$) up to any loop order. We propose an extended double-copy approach to construct the massive KK graviton (Goldstone) amplitudes from the KK gauge boson (Goldstone) amplitudes. With these we establish a new correspondence between the two types of energy cancellations in the four-point longitudinal KK amplitudes at tree level: $E^4\to E^0$ in the KK gauge theory and $E^{10} \to E^2$ in the KK GR theory.