论文标题
单色球状簇作为暗物质缺陷星系NGC1052-DF2和NGC1052-DF4的地层模型的关键测试
Monochromatic globular clusters as a critical test of formation models for the dark matter deficient galaxies NGC1052-DF2 and NGC1052-DF4
论文作者
论文摘要
最近有人提出,NGC1052组中的暗物质不足的超扩散星系DF2和DF4可能是两个富含气体祖细胞星系之间“子弹矮”碰撞的产物。在此模型中,DF2和DF4同时在碰撞后立即形成,并且有强烈的预测是它们的球形簇应该具有几乎相同的恒星种群。在这里,我们通过从深HST/ACS成像中测量准确的F606W-F814W颜色来测试这一预测。我们发现簇非常均匀。 DF2和DF4中的球状簇之间的平均色素差为$ -0.003 \ pm 0.005 $ mag和两个星系中$ M_V <-8.6 $的18个簇的组合样品的散布均为$ 0.015 \ $ 0.015 \ pm 0.002 $ mag。在考虑了红色巨人数量的观察不确定性和随机群集到群集变化之后,其余的散布为$ 0.008^{+0.005} _ { - 0.006} $ mag。颜色差和散射都比其他矮星系小的数量级,我们推断出,子弹场景通过了一项重要的测试,可能会伪造它。没有其他地层模型可以预测两个星系中球状簇的极端均匀性。我们发现星系本身比簇略带红色,这与以前测量的金属差异一致。数值模拟表明,在子弹场景中预期的差异是在球状簇形成后继续自我嵌入的。
It was recently proposed that the dark matter-deficient ultra-diffuse galaxies DF2 and DF4 in the NGC1052 group could be the products of a "bullet dwarf" collision between two gas-rich progenitor galaxies. In this model DF2 and DF4 formed at the same time in the immediate aftermath of the collision, and a strong prediction is that their globular clusters should have nearly identical stellar populations. Here we test this prediction by measuring accurate F606W-F814W colors from deep HST/ACS imaging. We find that the clusters are extremely homogeneous. The mean color difference between the globular clusters in DF2 and DF4 is $-0.003\pm 0.005$ mag and the observed scatter for the combined sample of 18 clusters with $M_V<-8.6$ in both galaxies is $0.015 \pm 0.002$ mag. After accounting for observational uncertainties and stochastic cluster-to-cluster variation in the number of red giants, the remaining scatter is $0.008^{+0.005}_{-0.006}$ mag. Both the color difference and the scatter are an order of magnitude smaller than in other dwarf galaxies, and we infer that the bullet scenario passes an important test that could have falsified it. No other formation models have predicted this extreme uniformity of the globular clusters in the two galaxies. We find that the galaxies themselves are slightly redder than the clusters, consistent with a previously-measured metallicity difference. Numerical simulations have shown that such differences are expected in the bullet scenario, as the galaxies continued to self-enrich after the formation of the globular clusters.