论文标题

轻波控制超导的量子相干断层扫描

Quantum Coherence Tomography of Lightwave Controlled Superconductivity

论文作者

Luo, L., Mootz, M., Kang, J. H., Huang, C., Eom, K., Lee, J. W., Vaswani, C., Collantes, Y. G., Hellstrom, E. E., Perakis, I. E., Eom, C. B., Wang, J.

论文摘要

Lightwave的周期性驾驶几乎无耗散电流最近成为超导(SC)和拓扑电子应用的通用控制概念。尽管对THZ驱动的超导性取得了令人兴奋的进步,但我们对能够驱动非平衡配对的相互作用的理解仍然是有限的,部分原因是缺乏高阶相关函数的直接测量。这样的测量将超过常规的单粒子光谱和对完全表征量子状态远距离平衡的扰动响应。尤其是,以类似于Meissner效应的方式来感知具有独特特征的异国情调集体模式,这些模式将以灯光驱动的SC相干性为特征,这是非常具有挑战性的,但急需。在这里,我们通过唯一的相对振幅集体模式在基于铁的超导体模式下通过损坏的对称性超对象THZ超级电流的独特相耦合的超导体模式来报告通过参数耦合带的参数时间周期性驱动灯泡的超导性。我们能够通过将THZ多维相干光谱分离为传统的泵浦探针,Higgs集体模式,并以高度非线性场依赖性分离出传统的泵浦探针集体模式,并以高度非线性的频率频率来衡量这种强驱动的超导性的非扰动高阶相关性。 We attribute the drastic transition in the coherent spectra to parametric excitation of time-dependent pseudo--spin canting states modulated by a phase-amplitude collective mode that manifests as a strongly nonlinear shift from $ω_\mathrm{Higgs}$ to 2$ω_\mathrm{Higgs}$.值得注意的是,后者较高 - 订单边带在临界场高于临界场上的较低级泵探针和希格斯模式上占主导地位,这表明参数驱动的SC状态中易感性扰动扩展的崩溃。

Lightwave periodic driving of nearly dissipation-less currents has recently emerged as a universal control concept for both superconducting (SC) and topological electronics applications. While exciting progress has been made towards THz-driven superconductivity, our understanding of the interactions able to drive non-equilibrium pairing is still limited, partially due to the lack of direct measurements of high-order correlation functions. Such measurements would exceed conventional single-particle spectroscopies and perturbative responses to fully characterize quantum states far-from-equilibrium. Particularly, sensing of the exotic collective modes that would uniquely characterize lightwave-driven SC coherence, in a way analogous to the Meissner effect, is very challenging but much needed. Here we report the discovery of lightwave-controlled superconductivity via parametric time-periodic driving of the strongly-coupled bands in iron-based superconductors by a unique phase-amplitude collective mode assisted by broken-symmetry THz supercurrents. We are able to measure non-perturbative, high-order correlations in this strongly-driven superconductivity by separating the THz multi-dimensional coherent spectra into conventional pump-probe, Higgs collective mode, and pronounced bi--Higgs frequency sideband peaks with highly nonlinear field dependence. We attribute the drastic transition in the coherent spectra to parametric excitation of time-dependent pseudo--spin canting states modulated by a phase-amplitude collective mode that manifests as a strongly nonlinear shift from $ω_\mathrm{Higgs}$ to 2$ω_\mathrm{Higgs}$. Remarkably, the latter higher--order sidebands dominate over the lower-order pump-probe and Higgs mode peaks above critical field, which indicates the breakdown of the susceptibility perturbative expansion in the parametrically-driven SC state.

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