论文标题
跨异构图的几乎没有射击语义关系预测
Few-Shot Semantic Relation Prediction across Heterogeneous Graphs
论文作者
论文摘要
语义关系预测旨在挖掘异质图中对象之间的隐式关系,这些关系由不同类型的对象和不同类型的链接组成。在现实世界中,新的语义关系不断出现,通常仅带有几个标记的数据出现。由于多种异构图中存在各种语义关系,因此可以从某些现有的语义关系中开采可转移的知识,以帮助预测新的语义关系,几乎没有标记的数据。这激发了一个新的问题,即跨异构图的几乎没有射击的语义关系预测。但是,现有方法无法解决此问题,因为它们不仅需要大量的标记样本作为输入,而且还专注于具有固定异质性的单个图。针对这个新颖而充满挑战的问题,在本文中,我们提出了一个基于元学习的图形神经网络,用于语义关系预测,名为Metags。首先,Metags将对象之间的图形结构分解为多个归一化子图,然后采用两视图形神经网络来捕获这些子图的本地异质信息和全局结构信息。其次,Metags通过超出型网络汇总了这些子图的信息,该网络可以从现有的语义关系中学习并适应新的语义关系。第三,使用良好的初始化的两视图形神经网络和超出型网络,Metags可以有效地从不同的图形中学习新的语义关系,同时克服少数标记数据的限制。在三个现实世界数据集上进行的广泛实验表明,元数据的性能优于最先进的方法。
Semantic relation prediction aims to mine the implicit relationships between objects in heterogeneous graphs, which consist of different types of objects and different types of links. In real-world scenarios, new semantic relations constantly emerge and they typically appear with only a few labeled data. Since a variety of semantic relations exist in multiple heterogeneous graphs, the transferable knowledge can be mined from some existing semantic relations to help predict the new semantic relations with few labeled data. This inspires a novel problem of few-shot semantic relation prediction across heterogeneous graphs. However, the existing methods cannot solve this problem because they not only require a large number of labeled samples as input, but also focus on a single graph with a fixed heterogeneity. Targeting this novel and challenging problem, in this paper, we propose a Meta-learning based Graph neural network for Semantic relation prediction, named MetaGS. Firstly, MetaGS decomposes the graph structure between objects into multiple normalized subgraphs, then adopts a two-view graph neural network to capture local heterogeneous information and global structure information of these subgraphs. Secondly, MetaGS aggregates the information of these subgraphs with a hyper-prototypical network, which can learn from existing semantic relations and adapt to new semantic relations. Thirdly, using the well-initialized two-view graph neural network and hyper-prototypical network, MetaGS can effectively learn new semantic relations from different graphs while overcoming the limitation of few labeled data. Extensive experiments on three real-world datasets have demonstrated the superior performance of MetaGS over the state-of-the-art methods.