论文标题
超级泡得可以加速超高的能量质子吗？
Can superbubbles accelerate ultra-high energy protons?
论文作者
论文摘要
我们严格地评估了在大量恒星簇周围加速质子的最大质子的限制，考虑到许多不同的情况。特别是，我们可以在质量的情况下得出PETA-ELECTRONVOLT（PEV）能量上方的质子的加速度。虽然超级气泡的外部向前冲击可能是高达100 TEV的颗粒的加速度，但内部主要冲击（例如在低密度培养基中扩展的超新星残留物）或在年轻的紧凑型群集周围形成的集体风终止冲击，可提供更有利的通道，可加速质子，最多可加速1 PEV，并可能超出1 pev。在合理的条件下，簇状的超新星向年轻而紧凑的巨大恒星群的磁性风发射强大的冲击是最有前途的系统，可以加速10 PEV以上的质子。另一方面，发现强烈湍流等离子体中的随机重新加速比以前的作品中所声称的有效性要高得多，最大质子能量最多为几百个TEV。
We critically assess limits on the maximum energy of protons accelerated within superbubbles around massive stellar clusters, considering a number of different scenarios. In particular, we derive under which circumstances acceleration of protons above peta-electronvolt (PeV) energies can be expected. While the external forward shock of the superbubble may account for acceleration of particles up to 100 TeV, internal primary shocks such as supernova remnants expanding in the low density medium or the collective wind termination shock which forms around a young compact cluster provide more favourable channels to accelerate protons up to 1 PeV, and possibly beyond. Under reasonable conditions, clustered supernovae launching powerful shocks into the magnetised wind of a young and compact massive star cluster are found to be the most promising systems to accelerate protons above 10 PeV. On the other hand, stochastic re-acceleration in the strongly turbulent plasma is found to be much less effective than claimed in previous works, with a maximum proton energy of at most a few hundred TeV.
