论文标题
噪音对纯度和量子纠缠在物理可实施性方面
Noise effects on purity and quantum entanglement in terms of physical implementability
论文作者
论文摘要
量子设备的操纵不完善是噪声中间尺度量子（NISQ）时代的关键问题。量子信息和量子计算中的标准分析使用错误率来参数化量子噪声通道。但是，噪声通道引起的逆转效应与其错误率之间没有明确的关系。在这项工作中，我们建议通过其逆的物理可实现性来表征噪声通道的分流效应，这是一个通用参数，量化了与可访问的量子通道模拟噪声逆向的难度。我们建立了两个简洁的不平等，将噪声通道后的状态纯度和对数负性下降连接到噪声逆的物理性可实现性后，分别以相互正交的单位或产品通道的形式分解。我们的结果在几种常用的两量噪声模型上进行了数值证明。我们认为，这些关系有助于噪声通道的纠缠特性的理论研究，并为量子电路设计提供指导原理。
Quantum decoherence due to imperfect manipulation of quantum devices is a key issue in the noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) era. Standard analyses in quantum information and quantum computation use error rates to parameterize quantum noise channels. However, there is no explicit relation between the decoherence effect induced by a noise channel and its error rate. In this work, we propose to characterize the decoherence effect of a noise channel by the physical implementability of its inverse, which is a universal parameter quantifying the difficulty to simulate the noise inverse with accessible quantum channels. We establish two concise inequalities connecting the decrease of the state purity and logarithmic negativity after a noise channel to the physical implementability of the noise inverse, which is required to be decomposed as mutually orthogonal unitaries or product channels respectively. Our results are numerically demonstrated on several commonly adopted two-qubit noise models. We believe that these relations contribute to the theoretical research on the entanglement properties of noise channels and provide guiding principles for quantum circuit design.
