论文标题
纠缠晶格仪理论的见证
Entanglement Witnessing for Lattice Gauge Theories
论文作者
论文摘要
纠缠在现代量子多体物理学中发挥着核心作用。然而，对于格子量表的理论，其认证仍然极具挑战性。一个关键的难度源于仪表理论基础的局部规格约束，该量规限制将整个希尔伯特空间分为以不同的超选择规则为特征的直接总和。在这项工作中，我们开发了纠缠的理论框架，目睹了晶格仪的理论，这些理论将这一细微的人数考虑到了。我们在$ \ mathrm {u}（1）$ 2+1尺寸的$ \ mathrm {u}（1）的示例中说明了这个概念，而没有动态的费米金物质。随着该框架规避昂贵的状态断层扫描，它为理论研究以及规范理论的实验室量子模拟中的资源有效纠缠认证打开了大门。
Entanglement is assuming a central role in modern quantum many-body physics. Yet, for lattice gauge theories its certification remains extremely challenging. A key difficulty stems from the local gauge constraints underlying the gauge theory, which separate the full Hilbert space into a direct sum of subspaces characterized by different superselection rules. In this work, we develop the theoretical framework of entanglement witnessing for lattice gauge theories that takes this subtlety into account. We illustrate the concept at the example of a $\mathrm{U}(1)$ lattice gauge theory in 2+1 dimensions, without and with dynamical fermionic matter. As this framework circumvents costly state tomography, it opens the door to resource-efficient certification of entanglement in theoretical studies as well as in laboratory quantum simulations of gauge theories.
