论文标题
计算机视觉中的图形匹配算法的比较研究
A Comparative Study of Graph Matching Algorithms in Computer Vision
论文作者
论文摘要
图形匹配优化问题是计算机视觉中许多任务的重要组成部分,例如在通信中带来两个可变形对象。自然,在过去的几十年中,已经提出了广泛的适用算法。由于尚未开发出通用的标准基准,因此由于对不同的问题实例的评估和标准的评估,他们的绩效主张通常很难验证。为了解决这些缺点,我们提出了匹配算法的比较研究。我们创建了一个统一的基准测试标准,在其中收集和分类了一大批现有和公开可用的计算机视觉图形匹配问题,以通用格式。同时,我们收集和分类图形匹配算法的最流行的开源实现。它们的性能以一种与比较优化算法的最佳实践相符的方式进行评估。该研究旨在可再现和扩展,以作为未来的宝贵资源。 我们的研究提供了三个值得注意的见解: 1.)流行的问题实例在少于1秒的时间内完全可以解决,因此不足以进行将来的经验评估; 2.)最受欢迎的基线方法高于最佳可用方法; 3.)尽管问题的NP硬度存在,但即使对于具有超过500个顶点的图形,也可以在几秒钟内从视觉应用程序中解决实例。
The graph matching optimization problem is an essential component for many tasks in computer vision, such as bringing two deformable objects in correspondence. Naturally, a wide range of applicable algorithms have been proposed in the last decades. Since a common standard benchmark has not been developed, their performance claims are often hard to verify as evaluation on differing problem instances and criteria make the results incomparable. To address these shortcomings, we present a comparative study of graph matching algorithms. We create a uniform benchmark where we collect and categorize a large set of existing and publicly available computer vision graph matching problems in a common format. At the same time we collect and categorize the most popular open-source implementations of graph matching algorithms. Their performance is evaluated in a way that is in line with the best practices for comparing optimization algorithms. The study is designed to be reproducible and extensible to serve as a valuable resource in the future. Our study provides three notable insights: 1.) popular problem instances are exactly solvable in substantially less than 1 second and, therefore, are insufficient for future empirical evaluations; 2.) the most popular baseline methods are highly inferior to the best available methods; 3.) despite the NP-hardness of the problem, instances coming from vision applications are often solvable in a few seconds even for graphs with more than 500 vertices.