论文标题
长期公平性的成就和脆弱性
Achievement and Fragility of Long-term Equitability
论文作者
论文摘要
为当前的决策工具提供公平,公平性或其他以道德动机的结果的概念,是机器学习,AI和优化方面的研究工作的首要任务之一。在本文中,我们研究了如何以最大化相关公平性概念的方式将有限的资源分配给{本地交互}社区。特别是,我们研究了在多个时期(例如,每年)重复分配的动态环境,同时,当地社区(由提供的分配驱动)演变,并且分配受到社区本身的反馈。我们采用了来自数据驱动的在线反馈优化的最新数学工具,社区可以通过该工具来学习(可能是未知的)演变,满意度以及它们可以与决定的机构共享信息。我们设计的动态策略会收敛到长期最大化公平性的分配。我们进一步展示了我们的模型和方法论,其中包括萨哈拉邦以下国家的医疗保健和教育补贴设计实例。从我们的环境中看,重要的经验收获之一是,长期公平性是脆弱的,因为在分配策略中决定尸体在其他因素(例如,分配中的平等)中都可以轻松丢失。此外,幼稚的妥协虽然没有为社区提供重大优势,但可以促进社会成果的不平等。
Equipping current decision-making tools with notions of fairness, equitability, or other ethically motivated outcomes, is one of the top priorities in recent research efforts in machine learning, AI, and optimization. In this paper, we investigate how to allocate limited resources to {locally interacting} communities in a way to maximize a pertinent notion of equitability. In particular, we look at the dynamic setting where the allocation is repeated across multiple periods (e.g., yearly), the local communities evolve in the meantime (driven by the provided allocation), and the allocations are modulated by feedback coming from the communities themselves. We employ recent mathematical tools stemming from data-driven feedback online optimization, by which communities can learn their (possibly unknown) evolution, satisfaction, as well as they can share information with the deciding bodies. We design dynamic policies that converge to an allocation that maximize equitability in the long term. We further demonstrate our model and methodology with realistic examples of healthcare and education subsidies design in Sub-Saharian countries. One of the key empirical takeaways from our setting is that long-term equitability is fragile, in the sense that it can be easily lost when deciding bodies weigh in other factors (e.g., equality in allocation) in the allocation strategy. Moreover, a naive compromise, while not providing significant advantage to the communities, can promote inequality in social outcomes.