论文标题

灵活的群体公平度指标用于生存分析

Flexible Group Fairness Metrics for Survival Analysis

论文作者

Sonabend, Raphael, Pfisterer, Florian, Mishler, Alan, Schauer, Moritz, Burk, Lukas, Mukherjee, Sumantrak, Vollmer, Sebastian

论文摘要

算法公平是一个越来越重要的领域,与检测和减轻机器学习模型中的偏见有关。在回归和分类中,有很多文献来算法公平,但是对生存分析的领域很少探索。生存分析是一个预测任务,其中试图预测事件随时间的可能性。生存预测在敏感环境中尤为重要,例如利用机器学习进行诊断和预后。在本文中,我们探讨了如何利用现有的生存指标来用群体公平指标来衡量偏见。我们在29个生存数据集和8个措施的经验实验中探讨了这一点。我们发现,歧视的度量能够很好地捕捉偏见,而校准和评分规则的措施的清晰度较小。我们建议进一步的研究领域,包括基于预测的公平指标,以进行分配预测。

Algorithmic fairness is an increasingly important field concerned with detecting and mitigating biases in machine learning models. There has been a wealth of literature for algorithmic fairness in regression and classification however there has been little exploration of the field for survival analysis. Survival analysis is the prediction task in which one attempts to predict the probability of an event occurring over time. Survival predictions are particularly important in sensitive settings such as when utilising machine learning for diagnosis and prognosis of patients. In this paper we explore how to utilise existing survival metrics to measure bias with group fairness metrics. We explore this in an empirical experiment with 29 survival datasets and 8 measures. We find that measures of discrimination are able to capture bias well whereas there is less clarity with measures of calibration and scoring rules. We suggest further areas for research including prediction-based fairness metrics for distribution predictions.

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