论文标题
概念建模与约束
Conceptual Modeling with Constraints
论文作者
论文摘要
保证系统质量的一个重要因素是开发一个概念模型,该模型反映了有关其领域的知识以及对其必须执行功能的知识。在软件工程中,概念建模已成为一门学科,提供语言,方法和方法来解决软件开发的复杂性。理解这种复杂性的关键是使用工具,例如各种表示级别的图表。概念模型必须包括其域的所有相关静态和行为方面。在UML中,静态方面包括代表系统的内部体系结构的结构图,其特殊关注的集体,连接和相互作用以及对域状态的完整性约束。 UML对于某些约束的完整规格没有足够的表现力。约束有助于分析允许的设计要求和预期功能的局限性。为了克服图形符号的局限性,使用其他类型的语言来补充图形语言(例如,文本对象约束语言[OCL])。在本文中,我们通过从UML/OCL文献中使用的示例研究了如何使用Thing Machine(TM)来示意表达约束。这将有助于进一步理解概念建模中约束的概念。它还证明了TM的表现力和局限性。本文表明,TM可以在概念模型中提供图形约束语言。
An important factor in guaranteeing the quality of a system is developing a conceptual model that reflects the knowledge about its domain as well as knowledge about the functions it has to perform. In software engineering, conceptual modeling has gained importance as a discipline that offers languages, methods, and methodologies to address the complexity of software development. The key to understanding such complexity is using tools such as diagrams at various levels of representation. A conceptual model must include all relevant static and behavioral aspects of its domain. In UML, the static aspects include structural diagrams that represent the internal architecture of a system with a special focus on the classes, the connections and interactions that they have, and integrity constraints over the state of the domain. UML does not have sufficient expressiveness for complete specifications of certain constraints. Constraints assist in analyzing permissible design requirements and the limitations of the intended functions. To overcome the limitations of the graphical notation, other types of languages are used to complement the diagrammatic language (e.g., the textual Object Constraint Language [OCL]). In this paper, we study how to express constraints diagrammatically using the thinging machine (TM) through examples taken from the UML/OCL literature. This would contribute to further understanding the notion of constraint in conceptual modeling. It also demonstrates the expressiveness and limitation of the TM. The paper suggests that the TM can provide a diagrammatic constraints language in conceptual models.